The Importance of Healthy Eating

The importance of healthy eating and the knowledge that I am not eating properly has impacted the way I look at food, but it has not yet translated into my daily food intake. Because I prefer grains and dairy products, I tend to snack and base my meals on these foods and have not yet added the necessary fruits and vegetables into my diet. According to the basics of the food pyramid (2007), I should be getting 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day. Because I do not like the texture or taste of these food products, I have not yet increased my intake. Even though I know that increasing these items in my diet will help improve not only my overall dietary requirements, but also improve my nutrient consumption, I have not been able to force myself to eat things that I do not like. Instead, I have chosen to begin taking a multi-vitamin supplement to make certain that I am meeting my nutritional needs. One of the other drawbacks I had noticed in my diet was that I did not consume enough lean mean and beans on a regular basis. I am willing to eat more lean beef and chicken and have improved this some, my protein intakes are still lower than they should be on most days.   Using the pyramid tracker online (2007), I have discovered that my enjoyment of carbohydrates is leading to my exceeding the recommended calorie intake for me and have not been meeting my nutritional needs. One of the things I was surprised by was that I was not getting sufficient fiber. I discovered this was because I was eating white breads and crackers and carbohydrates made from processed grains instead of whole grains. I have been able to rectify this somewhat by simply changing to whole wheat crackers and bread. I have also added peanut butter to my crackers as a mid-morning snack and added another glass of milk with my crackers to make certain that I am meeting my dietary dairy needs. Because of this class, I am more aware of my food choices and have made a conscious effort to include more of the fruits into my diet. I had hoped at the beginning of the class that I would be able to modify my eating schedule and add fruits as a form of breakfast. I have not yet been able to do this. I am considering purchasing fruit juice to keep as a drink; Even if I only drink a few ounces of juice, this would be an improvement in that I don’t eat breakfast at all currently and I consume too few fruits. As I do not like vegetables in general, I am also considering the possibility of juices like V8 which are fortified with vegetables. Though I dislike this flavor as well, it avoids the texture issue I have with eating vegetables and it means I can reach my recommended daily allowance of vegetables without having to actually eat them. Furthermore, I have decided to keep baby carrots as a snack and attempt to eat them instead of crackers at some snack times in an effort to increase my vegetable consumption. I have also tried sliced apples with peanut butter as a snack to increase both my fruit consumption and my protein consumption. I have not particularly enjoyed these snack changes and have found that I fall easily back into my old eating patterns. Because I prefer grains and dairy, I have found that my fat and cholesterol intake are not terribly high, but neither is my nutrition (Tracker, 2007). Switching to whole grains has improved my fiber intake and because many grains are fortified, I am making inroads toward meeting my nutritional needs. I am currently doing so via taking a multi-vitamin, but because of this class, I am aware that it is much healthier to get my vitamins through food instead of pills. As such, I am trying to modify my diet to eat more iron-rich foods including red meat and vegetables, but I find that eating vegetables is very difficult. I have managed to force myself to begin eating smaller meals more frequently as a way to manage hunger and blood sugar levels, preventing binge eating and over-eating. I am hoping that these modifications to my diet will help to improve my overall energy levels and health. I have also been trying to get more exercise on the weekends as a means of improving my overall health and controlling weight gain. Based on my analysis of my diet and activity levels at the beginning of the class, it is clear that I have been gaining weight regularly because I take in almost 700 calories per day more than is recommended for me. Furthermore,   my lifestyle is more sedentary than even I realized and that contributes to both my lack of energy and my weight gain. Through the week I get some exercise via work, including a lot of walking, but on the weekends when I am largely devoted to my studies, my time is spent mostly working on a computer and studying. Neither of those activities use significant amounts of calories and help me to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Recently, to combat this I have begun taking a break every three to four hours from studying or other leisure activities on the weekend and going for a short walk. The 15 minutes walk helps reenergize me and clear my mind for the next bout of studying. I am also hoping that as I continue to do this I will be able to significantly increase my energy levels so that I do not feel so drained when I come in from work at night. I sued to enjoying working out with weights and believe that I could enjoy this again if I could simply motivate myself to go. Usually, by the time I am finished with a day’s work, I am more interested in relaxing than worrying about my health and fitness level. As I am not a morning person, the idea of getting to the gym before work in the morning is out of the question. Instead, I have decided to try to add a relaxing stroll either on my lunch hour or after dinner in the evenings as a way of increasing my overall fitness. I believe that improving my base fitness levels will lead to more energy and more desire to continue to increase my level of activity. As it stands now, I rarely get anything more than light activity and then only in short bursts. I believe that based on the things we have learned, if I increase each of those activities each day, I will soon be to the point where I can add moderate activity at least a few days a week. The most important things I have learned from this class is an eyes-open evaluation of my life. While I have not chosen yet to modify my lifestyle to what it needs to be, I am aware now of my failings and what steps will need to be taken to improve my lifestyle. I realize that my low energy levels are caused by my eating schedule and poor nutrition and that by improving what and when I eat, I can give myself more energy and be more active. I realize that every time I choose inaction over action I allow my body to become less fit and that fitness contributes to energy levels. I have found the resources, via the food pyramid and pyramid tracker on line to keep daily records and evaluate my progress. In short, this class has given me the tools necessary to live a healthy life and now I simply need to motivate myself to do it. List of References http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=2&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342, USDA Food & Nutrition Information Center, June 17, 2007. www.myfoodpyramid.gov, June 17, 2007. www.mypyrmaidtracker.gov , June 17, 2007.

Education Among the Pakistani Women Essay

Introduction Education is perhaps the main source of human intellectual development and a critical factor pertaining to standard of living. Education here refers to all instructions received by a child, whether at home, playground, or school. Continuous increase in population and declining assets in public education give birth to a serious dilemma for developing countries. Like most of rest of the developing world, Pakistan is known to be a male dominated country and ranks as the seventh most populous of the world. The sex ratio is 105.7 men to every 100 women, with an overall literacy rate of only 45%; 56.5 percent for males and 32.6 percent for females in 1998 (Jehan, 2000). For centuries women have been battling for equality, yet the society continues to shape the stereotypical view of women and is responsible for the lower status of women. This paper aims to explore the factors obstructing Pakistani women, specifically in rural areas where they cannot acquire education. The consequences they face due to lack of academic opportunities are also discussed alongside an elaborate analysis pertaining to various sociological concepts introduced in the course. This is an ongoing cultural and political issue, which reflects the corrupt government and extreme subjective interpretations of the religious doctrines. The status of Pakistani women reflects the complex interplay of many factors such as social, cultural, and religious views. In addition, the gender biases, geographical regions, and social classes pose several difficulties for Pakistani women. Lack of education quite obviously hinders their practicality in the workforce along with increased unawareness about health and failure to access legal rights for mistreatment from the male dominating society. The social and cultural perspective of Pakistani society is primarily patriarchal. At a very early stage men and women are divided into two separate worlds, this becomes a way of life. For women home is defined as being the lawfully ideological space whereas, the men dominate the world outside the home. This false ideological discrimination between inside and outside worlds is supported by the notion of honor and the tradition of purdah (veil, the seclusion of women from the sight of men or strangers) in Pakistan (Country Briefing Paper, 2000). The male honor is associated with the women’s sexual behaviour, the family’s honor hold great emphasis on women’s sexuality. Although the women are not prohibited from working, at the same time they are supposed to firmly follow the rules of morality. They may feel a role strain, to be a â€Å"good† daughter or wife or to have the right to do a job they wish to do. Status is defined by your social location, and women in general face everyday prejudice because of their gender. Pakistan, being a developing country, has a lower overall status in the world. Pakistani women have many statuses; one being a â€Å"Pakistani†, this however is an achieved or ascribed social position. Meaning it can be attained either by taking birth in the country, or by applying to become a citizen. Being Pakistani is not her only social position, when she’s born; she’s a daughter (ascribed status), when she gets married; she’s a wife (achieved status), and then when she has children she’s a mother (achieved status). The status in terms of just occupying a position; the 3 different statues that the Pakistani women achieve are daughter, wife, and mother. She is not known for anything other than that. Rarely are they known for ‘working women’, or any kind of job positions. The culture looks at them as nothing more, nor are they supposed to have any other status. Status in terms of prestige or honour; for centuries women have been fighting for equality, equal rights, honour, and respect; despite all of that, it is still an ongoing struggle. Pakistani women have an ascribed lower status, this means that women don’t earn or work towards being a lower status; they are given it by birth. Most Pakistani families yearn for a son, so he could handle the family business, but on receiving a daughter, they are ashamed. Hence this starts her being worthless in the eyes of her parents. As she grows older, the neighbours start to look at her that way, and so forth. Eventually the society looks at her that way and therefore, it becomes a norm, or part of an ideology. A Pakistani women’s life particularly in rural areas is a journey of subordination. As a woman is growing up she must listen to her father who decides whether she obtains education and who she would marry. After marriage her husband and in-laws are the decision makers on her behalf, who mainly decide how many children she would have and whether she is allowed to work outside the household. In a woman’s senior years her sons decide the fate for the rest of her remaining life. This is the norm in Pakistan; the behavioral expectations of women are to listen to the males that dominate their lives. Furthermore the entire society acts as an oppressor imposing stereotypical roles upon them. As such, daughter, wife, mother: in all three of these roles, the woman is expected to be sexually ‘pure’, that is, not to commit any acts of adultery. In all three, she must protect her family’s honor by learning conventional general labor skills, exquisite manners, and modest dressing. Women are part of a loop: this loop starts from being a daughter, being a wife, and finally a mother; it ends in the mother giving birth to another daughter who must now follow her mother’s footsteps and live a life reminiscent to that of her mother. This social structure reflects the roles of women in a shocking new light, a light that barely, if not at all, reaches the west. The daughter’s role: starts when she is born into the family. Her role in her family is to clean the house, take care of the chorus alongside her mother, serve food, and if she’s lucky, go to school in a very unhygienic, little populated school. She is to get married at a very early age and this often results in her not finishing her education. Her father decides whom she should marry; this is a process with both cultural and religious significance. According to Islam, it is already written to whom you will marry. By the father being the person who decides, that gives him the â€Å"higher authority† or â€Å"higher status† as the daughter must be handed over by a wali (the present caretaker, either her oldest brother or father). The role of the wife: in most sense the role of the wife is very similar to that of the daughter; she is supposed to keep the honour of the husband by keeping quiet, following his lead, and implicitly being a slave. The role of mother: this is when the daughter learns to take all the cultural guidelines and the norms and apply it on her children. Thus the cycle starts all over again. In order for this cycle to break the women need to view their roles in perceptive of the bigger picture. They need to realize that they have voices and that they can change their faith. Though this does not mean going against their religion, but to fight for their rights in a politically corrupted governing system. Acquiring academic and career planning resources is definitely a constructive and logical start to absolving them from this loop. Conversely, the political and cultural infrastructure most definitely tries to thwart these efforts. The implications of these cultural requirements and lack of education for women’s economic activities are catastrophic. The female labour force participation is known to be the second lowest for Pakistan in the world (Jehan, 2000). Their high contribution in agriculture and the informal sector of work tends to go unrecorded by the statistics. However, in the poorest regions, some opportunities occur for women to work outside areas for domestic services such as sweepers, construction workers, and hired labourers. Women are also restricted to several industries such as textiles, food and beverages and pharmaceuticals. This norm guides the social behavior of Pakistani women, where they cannot acquire high paid jobs and limits women to jobs that are lowest paid and require less mobility. These gender-defined roles vary from the geographical region in which they reside, where some areas are stricter. The main concern is the lack of education among the rural areas limiting their working capabilities. The total number of females with less than primary education is 18% (Ibraz, 1993). The situation is better in urban areas where women have overcome some of the traditional restrictions due to educational facilities. Another factor that restricts Pakistani females from acquiring higher level of education is the traditional rule of marrying them at an early age. The average age of marriage is stated at 17 years for females (Ibraz, 1993). After marriage the beliefs of the husband interfere; resulting in his social behavior of making his wife take care of the household and his family rather than continuing with further education or working outside the household. Cultural ideas such as protecting the family’s honor result in women barely communicating with men outside th eir family. If any communication is necessary, they adjust their religious headgear to make sure that proper protocol is followed and communicate only with minimal eye contact and enthusiasm. Another cultural idea such as honor killings also encourages males to warn females of the consequences of not following the norms and of course, encourage them even more to carry out an execution if the woman is in fact found guilty. Also, in rural areas, a common cultural idea is that education encourages women to rebel against their respective families. This furthermore advocates the practice of not wasting money sending girls to school. Social identity: women who are brave and resourceful enough to leave their families are marked as ‘heathen’ or ‘witchy’. Other females in the neighbourhood are forbidden to socialize with them. Therefore, a common tool to dominate women who do rebel is to take away all social identity from them or in worse cases, demeaning their social identity through media propagandas and common word of mouth. This is a very potent technique; it makes other women (who are in sync with ‘norms’ ) disrespect and look down on those that actually stood up to the discriminating societal structure. The male dominating ideology, therefore, persists. The health indicators of Pakistani women are among the worst in the world. Pakistan is known to be one of the few countries where the life expectancy of males exceeds the females. One in every 38 women die due to pregnancy related complications (Annual Report, 2009). The health of the Pakistani women was never considered a priority because woman as a gender are not culturally, traditionally, or religiously given equal status in the society. The health system relies on this gender inequality and is hesitant to adopt policies to help improve women’s health. Lack of awareness among the female population allows them to accept the mistreatment from the system. They are more likely to approach different methods of treatments themselves. More than 80% women are delivered at home in the presence of unskilled birth attendants (Annual Report, 2009). Social and domestic control over women’s sexuality, their economic dependence on men, and restrictions on their mobility establish the health services provided to males and females. Furthermore, honour killings, rape, and illegal trafficking of women are prevalent across much of the country. Women in Pakistan are seen as a representative of the men’s honour to whom they belong; they are responsible for guarding their virginity and chastity. If a woman is superficially having an illicit sexual relationship, she degrades the family honor and looses the right to life (Amnesty International, 1999). In response the man publicly reveals his power to safeguard his honour by killing the women that have damaged it, these acts are done openly. Brutal punishments are reported for bringing food late, for answering back, and even for undertaking forbidden family visits. Extreme measures such as honour killings take place for several matters. Conveying the desire to choose a spouse and marrying a partner of their own choice is an act of disobedience since most marriages are supposed to be arranged by fathers. Divorce is seen as a public rebelliousness and women must be punished for restoring male honour. Rape among the Pakistani women is seen as a highly shameful event and thus rape victims are also executed. The Government of Pakistan has failed to take any measures against the honour killings (Amnesty International, 1999). The political institution is flawed; the law and government that are supposed to protect their people from harm’s way; institutionalized corruption. To give women a lower status and view them as unequal is prejudice. It is institutionalized for a Pakistani woman to follow the authority of the man, since he is superior to. It is a practice to look down upon women in Pakistan as it became a norm. An example of such injustice is a story of rape victim named Shazia Khalid. She was a medical doctor, who got married and was offered a job by a government run facility. Her husband worked outside the country, she was staying at the facility that was secured by the members of the military. She was repeatedly raped overnight and then silenced by the military as they would not allow the police to investigate. To avoid embarrassment of the military, General Musharraf, the president of Pakistan, declared the rapist innocent. They further attacked Shazia by suggesting she was a prostitute. At this point Shazia attempted suicide but thankfully was saved by her child’s request. Her story increased media’s attention and further humiliated the president of the country, her family was asked to leave the country by the order of the government. They decided to immigrate to Canada but because immediate actions were required they were told to reside in England where they will be further assisted by the government to move to Canada. When landing at England they were abandoned by the government and are living on welfare waiting from their admission to Canada (McKenna, 2006). Egocentrism plays a big role in the hearts of Pakistani men. Their pride and honor has a prestige status; meaning its worth more whereas a woman’s life is worthless. They created this norm shared by the society. In deciding not to follow the norm results in negative sanctions. Due to the institutionalized corruption many Pakistani women have taken a toll to fight for their rights. Diverse groups including the Women’s Action Forum, the Pakistan Women Lawyers’ Association, the All-Pakistan Women’s Association and the Business and Professional Women’s Association, are supporting projects throughout the country that focus on empowering women. They have been involved in such activities as instituting legal aid for indigent women, opposing the gendered segregation of universities, and publicizing and condemning the growing incidents of violence against women. ( Group, strict)The progressive women’s association (PWA) and the all Pakistan women’s association (APWA) is comprised of educated individuals; an example of their political struggle is the attempt to change the hadood ordinances law in Pakistan regarding rape. They are quite effective as they are setting the milestone for women standing up for their rights in the country. Conclusion In light of arguments presented in the paper, the low status of Pakistani women can be attributed to lack of education and cultural values. The consequences are very negative: inequality in the workforce, poor health, and marriage at young age with high fertility and childbearing mortality. Pakistani women lagging behind in education are not aware of their legal rights and are forced to focus on obligations of family life. Although this paper is geared mainly towards the women in rural areas of Pakistan, the cultural and traditional aspect of life imposed on women still persists in middle and higher classes, merely less strict. Hence, there is definitely a big gap between the loose group of women and the strict group of women. Consequently, a solution to the issue can also be portrayed as bridging the gap between these two respective groups. Assistance from the global community will be required to educate different populations to invoke change. Resources APA style Annual Report. (2009). Health of women in Pakistan. Society of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists of Pakistan. Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC). Amnesty International. (1999). Pakistan, Honour Killings of Girls and Women. Country Briefing Paper, Women in Pakistan. (2000). Situation Analysis of Women in Pakistan: An overview Ibraz, Tassawar S. Fatima, Anjum. (1993). Uneducated and Unhealthy: The Plight of Women in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review. 32:4 Part II, pp. 905-915 Jehan, Qamar. (2000). Role of Women in Economic Development of Pakistan. University Of Balochistn. McKenna, Terence. (Feb-Mar 2006). In Dept Pakistan: Pakistan, Land, Gold, Women. CBC news. Retrieved from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/pakistan/mckenna_pakistan.html Munir, Shafqat. (2001). Institutionalized Exploitation of Women as Negative Impact of Globalization. Journalists for Democracy and Human Rights† (JDHR) Pakistan.

Challenges For The Contemporary Business Organizations - Samples

The present business scenario offers huge opportunities as well as various challenges for the contemporary business organizations. One of the key opportunities that are being present to the business organizations is the internet and online marketing facility (Eid & EI-Gohary, 2013). In the recent time, internet boom helps in changing the existing business scenario to the whole. More organizations are gearing up to increase their presence in the online market. In addition, numerous organizations originated which operates only based on internet. Thus, organizations having the opportunity to tap the internet facility will have huge potential in the future. Medicare is one such start up which will be primarily internet based and will provide online medical care service to their customers. In the current scenario, people have less time to go for any doctor appointment, compare the charges of various hospitals and doctor fees. Thus, Medicare will provide an online portal where people can c ompare the rates in various hospitals; can take online appointments for their chosen doctors (Solano-Lorente, Martinez-Caro & Cegarra-Navarro, 2013). In addition, they can give reviews regarding the service being provided by the hospitals and the doctors. These reviews will further help other people in having the prior idea about the hospital or doctor they are choosing. Medicare aims at changing the existing scenario of providing health care to the patients by offering a holistic approach to the health care under one roof. In the initial stage, the organization will operate in the Australian regions. Sydney will be chosen for the initial pilot project. Necessary feedback gathered from the customers during the pilot project will help to modify it according the market requirement and will expand it in other Australian regions afterwards (Goetsch & Davis, 2014). The healthcare industry in Australia is quite potential and emerging with increasing average spending in the healthcare. Medicare will implement a holistic approach in determining their strategies to gain more market foothold. The strategy will be the market penetration strategy. It will help to increase the market share by implementing extensive marketing activities and customer engagement schemes. The vision of the organization will be to be the leading company in providing online healthcare in the global market. Start ups naturally do not comprise of complex hierarchical structures. Thus, Medicare will implement flat and horizontal organizational structure. It will help to reduce the gap between the higher management and the employees. Further, the communication process in the internal organization will be enhanced between the higher and lower levels (Ashkenas et al., 2015). In the initial stage, the organizational structure will be divided in four main departments. One department will be responsible for the marketing and sales. They will look after the acquisitions of the client and marketing the services in the market. The second department will be responsible for financial aspect. They will look after the allocation of the financial resources in the organization and maintaining effective financial norms. The third department will look after the management of the human resources to maintain and enhance the performance of the employees (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). The fourth department wil l be responsible for the software development. This department will look after the managing the portal effectively. The technological part will be looked after by them. These four departments will be headed by the separate department heads with all having independent decision making capability. Medicare will obviously face the external and internal environment forces that will have implications in their operations. PEST analysis will help to determine the various factors that will affect their performance. The first factor is political which refers to the government policies and stability in the region of operations (Galvaan, 2012). Political stability in Australia is favorable with having various government incentives to promote start ups. It will ease the process of gaining initial capital for operating. The next aspect is economical which refers to the condition of the economy in the particular region. Australia is a developed country and is having positive per capita expenses for health care which will help to increase the market share more rapidly. Being an industrially developed country, people will have more access to the internet and will have less personal time. Thus, it is an opportunity for Medicare to have extensive market penetration whose unique proposition is providing convenience (Barreto, 2012). The next aspect in the PEST analysis is social which refers to the social culture and structure in the society. Majority of the population in Australia is having access to mobile internet and most of them are comfortable in surfing and handling apps (Shiau & Luo, 2012). Thus, it will not be a difficult task for Medicare to market their services. Technology is the last aspect which refers to the advancement of technologies in the industry. Medicare is fully based on internet and technology. Thus, they have to be technologically advanced at all stages to stay ahead in the competition. The more advance and updated technologies they will use will help them in providing more convenience to their customers. Internal environment refers to the working environment of the employees (Korzynski, 2013). One of the key internal forces is the skill sets of the employees. The more diversified and updated skill set will be with the employees, the more will be their competitive advantage. Innovation i s another important criterion that will determine the effectiveness of the organization. The sector where Medicare is operating is fully innovation based. Thus, periodic innovation will help to stay ahead in the competition. According to the Robson risk management model, the first step is to perceiving the risk that can be associated with the organization. In the case of Medicare, the perceived risks can be the strategic risk. Strategic risk refers to the uncertainties regarding the change in the market perception (Frigo & Anderson, 2012). The preference pattern of the customer may change which will make the particular service irrelevant. On the other hand, the more superior service being introduced by the competitors may make the service provided by Medicare obsolete. Other perceived risk may be the financial risk that is quite common for any business organization. Operational risk may also be relevant in the management of Medicare. The next process is the assessment of the risk with having evaluated the level of impact in the organization (Covello & Merkhoher, 2013). Medicare will have contingency plans to reduce the impact of the risk in the business. Internal environment will be effectively managed i n order to reduce the probability of the risk and its impact. To enhance the performance of the organization, measures such as human resource management will be effectively implemented in order to enhance the productivity of the employees. Medicare will implement employee welfare schemes which will help to motivate the employees in providing effective service. Job rotation and employee empowerment will be promoted to reduce the monotony of the employees and enhancing their job satisfaction. Periodical skill development training will be provided to the employees in order to equip them with diversified abilities to face the business challenges (Ji et al., 2012). The key functions of Medicare will be acquiring more client or merchant which will be displayed from the portal. In this case, client or merchant refers to the hospitals and doctors who will subscribe with Medicare. It will enable to garner more traffic in the site which will help to attract more revenue. It is a revolving and interrelated process due to the reason that, more client acqui sition will help to attract more traffic and vice versa. The more traffic it will garner from the market will help to generate more positive word of mouth and buzz among the customers. It will enable them to increase their brand identity and image. This will further help in expanding the market in the global scenario. Thus, organizational performance will get enhanced with the enhancement of the basic functions of the organizations. More traffic in the site helps to garner more revenue from the market and eventually it will help to increase the resource allocation for their various activities. Thus, the customer service and convenience will get further enhanced. Thus, it can be concluded that in the era of internet boom and online market, Medicare will create a place of its own if being managed properly. Though, healthcare is emerging as one of the most profitable sector in the Australian region, but still the area where it is willing to operate is having much less amount of competitors. Thus, Medicare will have a huge untapped market to p enetrate. If designed and organized effectively, Medicare will change the entire scenario of providing health care in the global market. Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2014).  Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Ashkenas, R., Ulrich, D., Jick, T., & Kerr, S. (2015).  The boundaryless organization: Breaking the chains of organizational structure. John Wiley & Sons. Barreto, I. (2012). A behavioral theory of market expansion based on the opportunity prospects rule.  Organization Science,  23(4), 1008-1023. Covello, V. T., & Merkhoher, M. W. (2013).  Risk assessment methods: approaches for assessing health and environmental risks. Springer Science & Business Media. Eid, R., & El-Gohary, H. (2013). The impact of E-marketing use on small business enterprises' marketing success.  The Service Industries Journal,  33(1), 31-50. Frigo, M., & Anderson, R. J. (2012).  Strategic risk management: the new core competency. John Wiley & Sons Limited. Galvaan, R. (2012). Occupational Choice: The Significance of Socio?Economic and Political Factors.  Occupational science: Society, inclusion, participation, 152-162. Goetsch, D. L., & Davis, S. B. (2014).  Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Ji, L., Huang, J., Liu, Z., Zhu, H., & Cai, Z. (2012). The effects of employee training on the relationship between environmental attitude and firms' performance in sustainable development.  The International Journal of Human Resource Management,  23(14), 2995-3008. Korzynski, P. (2013). EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN NEW WORKING ENVIRONMENT.  International journal of academic research,  5(5). Shiau, W. L., & Luo, M. M. (2012). Factors affecting online group buying intention and satisfaction: A social exchange theory perspective.  Computers in Human Behavior,  28(6), 2431-2444. Solano-Lorente, M., Martà ­nez-Caro, E., & Cegarra-Navarro, J. G. (2013). Designing a Framework to Develop eLoyalty for Online Healthcare Services.  Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management,  11(1). End your doubt 'should I pay someone to do my dissertation by availing dissertation writing services from

International Cost of capital Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International Cost of capital - Assignment Example Question1. Provide an illustrative example of WACC calculation using a FTSE100 company. Answer: The components of weighted average of cost of capital come from the equity side of the statement of financial position, which is commonly understood and known as balance sheet-common shares, preferred shares and debt, long term liability are the components of capital. Any change in the shape of increase in assets of the balance sheet would require increasing at least any one of components of the capital account. In order to increase the liability side of the balance sheet, the cost of these components is called as component based cost of capital. Numerous causes require to occur or to increase the cost of capital. First, the need of long term investment and long term financing requires a company to determine and decide an appropriate way of arranging finance. Either willingly or unwillingly, the company has to evaluate all possible and available means that can be used for the purpose of sa tisfying their long term business investment needs. Some companies use and issue preferred shares for the purpose of raising finance. ... On the whole, these both means have some sort of similarities and some sort of dissimilarities. Preferred shares are mostly placed with the ordinary shares, on the other hand, the debentures and other forms of long term liabilities are incorporated in the long term liability section of the statement of financial position. Following is the standard computational method of weighted average of cost of capital: WACC = Ke [(market value of equity/A)] + kd [(1-t) (market value of debt/A)]. Where; WACC= weighted average of cost of capital Ke= cost of equity A=market value of equity + market value of debt Kd= cost of debt Cost of equity (Ke) is the required return on the ordinary shares. Most of the time, it is this feature that is pretty difficult to estimate. Cost of equity can be determined by two ways: dividend growth model and capital asset pricing model (CAPM). The dividend growth model uses the following formula: P0 = D1/ (Re-g) Here, P0 is the current stock price or stock price in th e period of 0. D1 is the amount of dividend in the next period or next year. Re is the cost of equity. G is the dividend growth rate. For ke the equation would become Re= D1/ P0+ g The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) helps with the following equation to determine the cost of equity: Re= Rf+ b(Rm - Rf) Here, Rf= the risk free rate. B= beta value Rm= market return Capital asset pricing model was determined and defined and published its derivation by William Sharpe in the year of 1986 (Megginson, 1996). There are numerous assumptions on which capital asset pricing model is based on. For instance, capital asset pricing model assumes that investors hold diversified range of portfolios (Head, 2008). Example: Computation of weighted average of

Find two articles that are influential in the field of Organizational Essay

Find two articles that are influential in the field of Organizational Development - Essay Example In brief, organization development remains the dominant approach to organizational change. Organization development involves changing of the operations of the company to ensure suitability. The past, present and future trends indicate that organizational development still remains the key factor in the enactment of organizational change. Burnes and Cooke argue that the future of organization development is bright owing to the success witnessed in the process. The article is valuable in the evaluation of success and failures of organization development. Since its inception, organization development has been used to change operations within organizations with selected success being achieved. The article evaluates the past [present and future of organization development. Several issues are highlighted which are vital. Change is inevitable in any organization due to changes in the market economy and production. To understand the problem Burnes and Cooke addresses the past, present and future of organization development in the article thus developing a better understanding of organization development. According to Ron Cacioppe, organization development requires the support of the leadership structure to be successful. Organizational change is viewed by employees as a process of laying off workers leading to resistance when organization development is mentioned. The situation can be different if leadership and management encourage employees to participate in the change. The participation cannot be achieved without creativity and team building. Cacioppe addresses issues of leadership in organization development. Leadership development is vital during organizational restructuring. Modern management practices such as vision statement and balance score cards can be realigned to integrate the new operational models. The role of leadership is to develop a spirit at individual and team level to ensure

Discharged for Off-Duty Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discharged for Off-Duty Behavior - Essay Example resources department has the responsibility to evoke such employees of the existence of such rules and make them available once needed by the employees. This paper discusses an example of an off-duty behavior of an employee of AEM company called John. Given the facts of this case, John did not receive a fair treatment. The HR manager was able to mention the existing code of conduct that stated that employee’s off-duty behavior should not affect the company, its employees, or sales of its educational materials. Existence of this code of conduct does not explicitly indicate that John knew about it. The code is quite extensive and has not narrowed in to what behaviors that would amount to breaching off-duty performance by an employee. According to Bohlander and Snell (2009), rules should be widely disseminated, widely known by all employees, reviewed periodically, and reasons for the rules explained. John is right that what he did in his personal life was â€Å"no obligation of the company† if the rules were not stipulated properly and explicitly explained to him not to handle pornographic materials. Besides, he explains the reason for the purchase of materials. It was not at will. Discharging an employee as a disciplinary measure is usually the last resort. From this case, John has no indiscipline records in his personal record for the last twelve years. We do not hear of any warnings prior to this scenario. According to Bohlander and Snell, the employee must know the rule, be notified of his breach of the rules, and be given reasonable warning before dismissal (Bohlander & Snell, 2009). Sales representatives of AEM can be held to a higher level of personal conduct than sales representatives of other companies. Despite the global employment laws that regulate businesses, organizations reviews their codes and guidelines yearly to suite their demands. This happens mostly in private companies where rules of conduct are given and explained to the sales

Wk 11 (2nd Discussion) Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wk 11 (2nd Discussion) - Article Example is really about questioning the authenticity of something regarded as fact, and this perspective should be adapted and not disregarded if one aspires to grow in truthful information.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One way to interact with information is by delving deeper into its research basis. If a claim is made, one should ask, â€Å"What scientific research supports such claims?† (Pope, 1998). If none can be provided, then this claim can be dismissed as mere hearsay, or looking at it as a challenge, is a statement which can fuel a research study to be conducted to determine whether it is true or not. If a research study is provided as a support though, then it is but proper and fitting to scrutinize the instruments and methods utilized in gathering and analyzing data. For example, if s survey questionnaire was given out by a psychologist to the respondents, validity of the tool should first be established to ensure that the questions will not bring about bias to the study or it should undergo face and content validation by experts in the field first to ensure that the questions are not leading towards specific results. This should be done since the anomalie s may be rooted foremost in the methodology, which also paved way for erroneous conclusions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Now, the aforementioned approach can be likened to the scrutiny of the branches of a plant. Another way to determine the accuracy of information is to examine closely vague and ambiguous terms. Repressed memories of sexual abuse during childhood have been studied by many, but the definition of repressed memories has been haphazardly used by in media, literature and in legal proceedings. A gray area has clouded the vivid demarcation of whether repressed memories are figments of the unconscious defense mechanisms or whether it is a scheme of forgetting (Pope, 1998). Defining terms and allotting which definition is described in which study can provide a much clearer way of assimilating information, and a way to determine

Beat by Dre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Beat by Dre - Essay Example Beats by Dre is a brand name for speakers and headphones produced by a company called Beats Electronics. Beats by Dre has influenced the headphone market and industry by creating successful premium headphone products. According to Dr. Dre, the brand’s focus on bass was motivated by the need to allow music listeners to listen to all the music. The popularity of Beats by Dre was driven by the firm’s marketing practices. The company focused on branding, endorsement deals and product placement. Dr. Dre and Jimmy Iovine use celebrities and other famous personalities for brand endorsement. Beats by Dre headphones were conceptualized after Dre. Dre and Iovine identified a problem with the quality of audio products offered to customers. They identified the substandard audio quality of Apple’s headphones. Initially, Beats by Dre entered into a partnership with Monster Cable to develop and manufacture headphones and speakers. In order to promote the products, Beats by Dre relied on advertisements and product promotions by musician and rappers (Steinberg, 2014, p. 1). The headphones were also strategically placed in music videos and movies. Beats by Dre also collaborated with celebrities and musicians in order to develop co-branded products. Beats by Dre is the dominant player in the headphone market for headphones priced above $100 (Meara, 2014 p. 1). In 2014, Apple, Inc acquired Beats by Dre in a deal that was valued at $3 billion. Porter five forces is a business tool that analyzes a business situation. The tool is based on five assumptions that determine the competitive advantages or powers in a business environment. The first assumption is the threat of substitution services and products, and the second assumption is the supplier’s bargaining power. The third assumption is the buyer’s bargaining power and the fourth assumption is the threat of new entrants. The last assumption is

Can an eye for an eye be morally justified Essay - 2

Can an eye for an eye be morally justified - Essay Example Beginning with the premise that killing someone is a barbaric act solves nearly half the problems. But then again, this has to be comprehended in due course of time and through different events. An eye for an eye will actually make the entire world blind and this globe would be filled with disabled people all around. Hence an eye for an eye concept simply nosedives for obvious reasons. When people start killing each other, the entire society comes to a standstill. There are families which lose out on their loved ones and then there are individuals who suffer because they have started missing a near and dear one within their lives. There is so much trouble happening within the world of today that it is next to impossible to fathom what exactly is going about. The people are fighting amongst themselves and thus killing each other because they feel this is the best way to find solace. I am vehemently against this dictum because it spells out negativity from the very outset of these nuan ces. There are individuals who will go all out in even a small dispute or moment of disparity. They will do everything to get their message heard and make their own selves the much-cherished winners. This, according to them, can only be done through killing the opponent – an act that is not only unacceptable but also barbaric in the sheerest sense. It makes life miserable for just about everyone within the society and gives a whole new meaning to the philosophy of living and letting others live as well.

Follow up to the previous order (Human Rights and Oil Companies) Essay

Follow up to the previous order (Human Rights and Oil Companies) - Essay Example In spite of the clear connection between ecological degradation and human suffering, human rights abuses and ecological deprivation have been regarded by most institutions and administrations as isolated concerns. Only as human rights campaigners have the tendencies to put concentration chiefly on natural resources conservation without dealing with human effects of environmental abuses. Accordingly, victims of ecological deprivation are undefended by the laws and mechanisms laid out to handle human rights violations. Human rights activism presents a crucial opportunity to tackle the issue of human impacts of ecological degradation and can serve as a catalyst for encouraging concepts and action in the actual world. Environmental setbacks are more handle to address than most believe. Every man, woman, and child has the right to a safe and healthy ecosystem. The fact is while international standards and systems have been set aside as legal ventures, implementation has always been domina ted by international relations. This paper seeks to look at the effects of oil companies in Nigeria the environment (Emeseh 45-60) According to Kalu and Ngozi (19-38), the Niger Delta in Nigeria has been the center of focus of environmentalist, human rights promoters and fair trade unionists across the globe. The trial and execution of radical environmentalist Ken-Saro-Wiwa and eight other cohorts of the Ogoni ethnic minority made universal headlines. The then non-violent protests of the Ogoni people make world-attention too. The activities of large oil firms such like Shell Elf, Agip and Mobil, amid others have caused many worries and backlash. A sequence of exploitive and fraudulent government in Nigeria have been endorsed and sustained by western administrations and oil companies, attentive on gaining from the fossils fuels that can be exploited. As individuals and transitional oil companies have been

Biography of Mahatma Gandhi Essay Example for Free

Biography of Mahatma Gandhi Essay The film Gandhi released in 1982 was adopted from the biography of Mahatma Gandhi and unfolds with his fateful assassination of 30th January 1948 as a result of being the go-between on conflicting Muslims and Hindus in India and Pakistan. The film plot quickly goes back to narrating Gandhi’s early life as a practicing attorney. With the setting in South Africa, Gandhi is traveling by train and after he adamantly refusing to surrender his seat in first class coach is thrown out. He is subjected to this segregation because he is an Indian. This provokes him to organize mass protests for banning of all discriminatory acts and an end to these stereotypes in which all protesters are arrested and later released. In the film, Gandhi is propelled by religious virtues and believes all people are equal before God. The British rule had denigrated the Indians limiting their rights to the extent of not acknowledging their marriage laws. For this reason, he endeavors for the achievement of equality through protests, which strongly do not advocate for violence. Exploring on racism and other issues that border on prejudice and stereotypes, the film Gandhi delves on the anonymous group of pushing for mass actions and identified by the common clothing, which ultimately implies they are of particular class. The point of this film endeavors to present the struggles of the Indian people from a generalized perspective. In the film the people are depicted as somehow fanatical and indeed they are justified bearing in mind the kind of life they were pushed to in the context of the colonial subordination. The intense scenes in Gandhi explores on the people’s common life infused with the religious fervor through the advocacy of Gandhi. The cinematic representation in the film of Gandhi is not about presenting the historical Gandhi but the presentation of the life changing circumstances that happened in India. The character of Gandhi does not dwell in his early or private life but dramatizes the public persona that ultimately inspired the Indian people with his realistic and spiritual philosophies. The camera shots are edited to only bring the speeches, notable occasions, and homilies of Gandhi as a leader that helped the masses result to the non-violence protests without giving up even when they were imprisoned for agitating for their freedom and independence. The scenes well packaging depicts Attenborough’s cinematic exploits and the film win an awards for the best pictures. However, the film implies there are moments of Gandhi’s development in politics but does not delve deep in showing them. From the scenes of mass actions, the audience cannot fail to notice the contribution raising the social conscientization, which is imperative for the belief in emancipation. Although the film does not dramatize the transformation experience turning the historical moments in the film as just purely aesthetic, there scenes in the film that treat Indian culture and Gandhi as iconic figure. The low angle and the close-up shots magnifies Gandhi as inspirational leader while the long panning shots help show the masses united against the aggression of the British rule. The mise-en-scene further eclipses the fine details of this biographical film leading to emplotment and characterization in the film. The sounds tracks employed further contextualize film in the Indian culture as well as espousing the euphoria in the social struggle. In conclusion, film Gandhi directed by Attenborough was successful in the biographical genre in which Attenborough’s wit and intellect in depicting Mahatma Gandhi and his leadership role in the non-violent agitation of independence from the British rule. The film is a manifestation of honoring the unique resistance lead by iconic Mahatma Gandhi.

Are Asains Becoming White Essay Example for Free

Are Asains Becoming White Essay 1) Asian Americans have been stereotyped under the image of being a model minority from the mid-1960s to our present day (Macionis 2010:278). Being a model minority means â€Å"overcoming extreme hardships and discrimination to achieve success (Macionis 2010:278). † Success â€Å"economically, socially, and educationally†¦without resorting to confrontation with Whites (Schaefer 2009: 252). † Asian Americans have done this and the public has â€Å"attributed their winning wealth and respect in American society to hard work, family solidarity, discipline, delayed gratification, non-confrontation, and eschewing welfare (Macionis 2010:278). † Being labeled a model minority might appear to bring only prestige but in fact it brings consequences as well. One such consequence is that being a â€Å"model-minority holds Asian Americans to higher standards (Macionis 2010:279). † Situations that may be accepted for some aren’t accepted from them. They are â€Å"judged by standards different from average Americans (Macionis 2010:279). † Also because of the expectations placed upon them they are channeled to â€Å"specific avenues of success, such as science and engineering (Macionis 2010:279). † This leads up to another consequence of parents â€Å"often discouraging their children from entering fields they regard as unlikely to offer financial security, such as the arts (Schaefer 2009:252). † A child may have a gift as an astounding writer, yet the parents will still discourage it due to worries about job outlook and income in the future (Macionis 2010:279). Another consequence the label causes is that it â€Å"reinforces the myth that the United States is devoid of racism and accords equal opportunity to all (Macionis 2010:279). † This implies that â€Å"those minorities that do not succeed are somehow responsible for their failure†¦this attitude is yet another instance of blaming the victims (Schaefer 2009:252). † Although, not all bad, an advantage of the stereotype is that Asian Americans are more likely to attain a high-paying job. It is common to see â€Å"Asian Americans are concentrated near the top in professional and managerial positions†¦(Schaefer 2009:251). † Simply due to what they are known for Asian Americans are allowed more opportunity and they prove themselves over and over again; with the highest median household income of all racial groups, and the lowest poverty rate of all racial groups (Macionis 2010:278). 2) Min Zhou asks the question, â€Å"Are Asian Americans becoming white? † First off, what does it mean to be White? â€Å"White is an arbitrary label having more to do with privilege than biology (Macionis 2010:276). † Being white means different things to different people. To some becoming white â€Å"can mean distancing oneself from â€Å"people of color† or disowning one’s ethnicity (Macionis 2010:276). † To others becoming white is something to strive for because it means attaining a privileged status (Macionis 2010:280). The most common view accepted by Asian Americans is â€Å"that â€Å"white† is mainstream, average, and normal, and they look to whites as a frame of reference for attaining higher social positions (Macionis 2010:279). † Asian Americans are becoming white as I see it. They are gaining prestige, they working hard and they strive for something greater. Especially since being white is commonly associated with being an American (Macionis 2010:280). â€Å"Asian immigrants tend to believe in the American Dream and measure their achievements materially (Macionis 2010:279). † They share common interests with most Americans such as, â€Å"to own a home, to be my own boss, and to send my children to the Ivy League (Macionis 2010:279)†, as one Chinese immigrant stated. Of course, being an American is more than just these items, but it is a generalized American mentality that shows common ground. If Asian Americans choose to marry a partner of a different racial background, 87 percent of those marry whites (Macionis 2010:280). There are thoughts that some Asian Americans hold, such as, â€Å"You can certainly be as good as or even better than whites, but you will never become accepted as white (Macionis 2010:280). † I believe this to be incorrect. â€Å"According to a new Purdue University study, more than 94 percent would say that having United States citizenship makes someone truly American. http://phys. org/news64938913. html: 3)† If we were to relate being white to being American, most Asian Americans are already there. With the mentality, dedication and perseverance that Asian Americans display, I would say, Yes, Asian Americans are becoming white. 3) The Jews and Asian Americans had two different experiences that could be seen to relate in certain aspects despite the large difference in events. The Jews were intelligent and successful though looked down upon in the United States and they were seen as â€Å"members of an inferior race (Macionis 2010: 266). † It wasn’t until after World War II those things drastically changed. â€Å"Before the war, most Jews, like most other Americans, were working class. Already upwardly mobile before the war relative to other immigrants, Jews floated high on this rising economic tide, and most of them entered the middle class (Macionis 2010:272). † Like Asian Americans, Jews were always ahead of the other races. They were given difficult roads to face and large obstacles to climb, yet they achieved success, following the definition of the model minority. Similarly they struggled with the dilemma of being considered white. Before the war, â€Å"Columbia University took steps to decrease the number of entering Jews by a set of practices†¦(Macionis 2010:269). † It wasn’t until the war that there were â€Å"changes set in motion during the war against fascism that led to a more inclusive version of whiteness (Macionis 2010:270). † Though the struggle was different, it was still there for both groups. The Jews compared to Asian Americans benefited most from government programs that spurred upward mobility because after the war the government was in need of a rise in the economy and they created great programs to assist in that matter (Macionis 2010:270). The â€Å"Jews’ and other white ethnics’ upward mobility was the result of programs that allowed us to float on a rising economic tide (Macionis 2010:273). † Asian Americans on the other hand, upward mobility wasn’t based off of programs as much, as their heritage and culture. Instead, â€Å"In spite of these obstacles, Asian Americans students soldier on with strong support from their parents (Schaefer 2009:252). † As for comparison with African Americans and Asian Americans they are in two completely different categories. Both are minority groups, though they are on opposite sides of the court. Asian Americans have higher income rates than Whites, African Americans on the other hand, have their â€Å"household income of Blacks is still 60 percent that of Whites, and the unemployment rate among Blacks is more than twice that of Whites (Schaefer 2009:250). † Still to this day Blacks â€Å"remain significantly underrepresented, despite Senator Barack Obama†¦(Schaefer 2009:520). † Asian Americans are well represented due to being the model minority. Asian Americans are a very diverse group of people. â€Å"Their diverse origins include drastic differences in languages and dialects, religions, cuisines, and customs (Macionis 2010:278). † Because of this â€Å"all of these differences create obstacles to fostering a cohesive pan-Asian solidarity (Macionis 2010:278). †

Interpersonal Ethical Positions

Interpersonal Ethical Positions The interpersonal ethical positions include the nature of man approach, the nature of communication approach, communication as a social contract, communication as a relationship, communication as dialogue, and the ethic of care. Each of these has a basis in how to treat others, how to handle specific situations, and how they interact with the other positions. I will be discussing their application in a couple of cases, as well as how my of interpersonal ethos ties in with my professional ethics. First and foremost, Aristotles view of human nature emphasizes the capacity for reason as a uniquely human attribute. This type of ethics stems from a rational and conscious person and what they do freely. This view argues that whatever affirms that nature is ethical and whatever subverts it is unethical. The issue with this view is that emotion is somewhat excluded from ethical consideration, and thus does not properly reflect human nature. The human nature approach is extremely useful in figuring out what persuasive tactics are ethical and what arent. The human nature view influences how I treat others because it keeps me from viewing situations with my emotions at the forefront, it helps me view situations where I view people rationally and realize they do indeed consciously make decisions. I believe this application is situational, because it is not always proper to view others as rational beings, sometimes people make mistakes due to emotional sway, mental illness, etc. Another theory, the nature of communication approach focuses on the idea that facilitating the sharing of meaning is ethical and whatever subverts shared meaning would be unethical. This type of communication puts forth the theory that unethical communication hampers shared meaning and mutual understanding. This works to correct situations such as lying, group think, coercion and persuasion, but also tends to be overly simplistic. The nature of communication view influences how I treat others because it reminds me that communication with others is about mutual understanding between communicators. It reminds me to be truthful and straightforward in my communication with others. I believe this application is universal because it is always important to have shared communication with others, and that unethical communication leads to skewed meaning and understanding. The social contract approach follows the premise that individuals come together because they are motivated by their own self-interest and agree to standards of conduct to form a social contract. This approach states that communication situations are implied social contracts with mutually presumed standards. This encompasses relationship ethics, managerial ethics, and the ethics of teamwork. Social contractarianism is a very useful structure for developing a professional ethos, especially for public relations practitioners. The social contract view influences how I treat others because it reminds me that people will sometimes follow their own self-interests before the interests of others, so it is best to find a middle ground to communicate on. I believe this application is situational because not all communication is based on people who are completely self-interested. The theory of communication as a relationship sets a standard that communication is the most important element in a relationship. It states that ethical communication is the most important element in maintaining relationships. The nature of the relationship itself determines the ethical parameters of the communication. In this view, ethical communication is one of honest and open exchange of information. This is important to professional roles and fulfillment of the responsibilities of professional relationships and is useful in communication professions. The communication as a relationship view influences how I treat others because it informs me about the concept of relationships as a huge part of communication as a whole while remaining ethical. It allows me to openly communicate with others as I deem fit. I believe this application is universal because communication builds relationships both personal and professional and reminds us all to choose openness in our communication. Communication as dialogue sets communication as the true concern for the welfare and fulfillment of others. It also emphasizes choice making in response to the demands of specific situations. It requires sensitivity to role responsibilities of such relationships as teacher-pupil, doctor-patient, etc. This highlights specific communication responsibilities which may be unclear in other situations because it requires everyone to be equally enabled to fully participate. The communication as dialogue view influences how I treat others because it sets forth the idea of concern for the welfare of other instead of just the idea of self-fulfillment, while also setting precedents for various types of communication relationships with full engagement. I believe this application is once again situational, because people are sometimes more concerned with themselves than others, though it does provide situational clarity. The ethics of caring stems from feminist ethics but separates itself from feminism in a few ways. Generally, the ethics of care rejects oppression, questions rationality over emotion, of detachment over engagement, of the public sphere over the private sphere, and of individuals over relationships. The ethic of care goes against the dispassionate approaches and has relevance to all types of communication ethics, especially interpersonal ethics. The ethics of caring view influences how I treat others because it truly excels in denying oppression, and covers communication as a bilateral process as opposed to a unilateral process, and is especially relevant for interpersonal relationships. I believe this application is universal because we should always strive to create caring communication both personally and professionally. As I am including more than one position, I will discuss how the human nature view, social contract view, and dialogue view interact. The human nature view reminds us to uphold the importance of human reason to ethics, and the social contract and dialogue view can be merged to remind us that there is always self-interest as well as concern for others mingled into communication ethics. From my own experience, I remember that after my father passed I became so close to my therapist as a child that I often considered her part of my family, and communicated with her as such. She had lost a parent as well and we were both able to openly communicate about our experiences. I believe that I used the communication as a relationship view because I was comfortable enough with my therapist to communicate honestly with her. The outcome of using this ethic was a professional relationship of mutual respect and concern. Another experience for me was trying to befriend someone who lived in a higher socioeconomic status than I did. She was kind but didnt want to be friends because it would look odd to her other affluent friends. After hanging out a few times, she came to realize that it didnt matter what others thought, or what the norm was, and we have been best friends ever since. I believe in this case I used the ethics of caring view in cementing my friendship because we were b oth able to look past societal norms. Luckily, the outcome of this is a lifelong friendship with a very genuine person. The implications of my interpersonal ethos for your professional ethics is that I am much more likely to follow a code which is universal, inclusive of others, and concerned with the emotions and connections involved in communicating with others. Both of my ethos relate to my personal goals because I wish to be able to passionately present my viewpoints and information in communication, but I must also remember not to rely solely on emotion in my professional career there is a time for emotion but there is also time for pure logic.

The Death Penalty in Canada Essay -- Capital Punishment, canadian stud

The most severe of all sentences: death. Also known as capital punishment, this is the most severe form of punishment in the courts as it is requires law enforcement officers to kill the offender. Our past has left us thinking that if someone steals from us, we should steal from them, or if someone yells at us, we should yell at them. But does there ever come a point where if someone kills somebody, we should kill them? Today, there is a large controversy over the death penalty, whether it helps society or not, and if it is morally right. When we find someone guilty of murder and sentence them to death; does that not make murderers out of us? Is the death penalty an unnecessary punishment, or is it now a necessity in the battles of crime? With the increase in crime and violence in our society, how does the death penalty affect a North American family? Canada’s history with this punishment has been stable for several years. In the late 1800’s until the 1960’s, all murders in Canada were promised a death of hanging. Between these dates, there were 710 Canadians murdered. Many of them were found to be innocent years after their death. The last execution in Canada was on December 11, 1962 when 2 men were hanged in Toronto, Ontario. It wasn’t until July 14, 1976 that the House of Commons passed a Bill that was to abolish capital punishment from the Canadian Criminal Code, and replacing it with a mandatory life sentence for all murderers. Since then, the Canadian government has seen the murder rate increase, and has struggled in the decision to bring back capital punishment, although recent studies suggest that there are four major issues that should make governments stay away from that decisi... ...iety understands the price, so why do we keep doing it? Like anything else in this world, it’s a form of insurance that the criminal will never commit another crime again. (Capital Punishment) As children, we grow up and learn that murder is wrong, but it is still done every day. Dealing with capital punishment, leads to many questions that many citizens even in Canada cannot find an answer to. Is killing somebody for committing a crime right? I personally believe that a victim on death row should be there if they actually deserve to be. Depending on the situation and the crime they committed, the death penalty eliminates evil in our countries. But can people make mistakes, can people be forgiven and change? Using the death penalty is breaking one of the Ten Commandments, so at the end of the day is it right? Does one life deserve another?

The Development of the Torpedo during World War I :: Torpedoes Torpedo Research Papers

The Development of the Torpedo during World War I The year is 1942, and German U-boats are wreaking havoc on allied shipping to Britain; the vital lifeline which allows the island nation to survive. Unchallenged, they sink hundreds of the merchant vessels which carry the desperately needed food, arms, and other equipment that is necessary for Britain's survival. They are silent and deadly; undetected until it is too late. With a loud deafening blast, a torpedo impacts the center of a ship, breaking its back. The other ships try to run, as their crews search for the unseen attacker by the glow of the ship slipping under the water to her final resting place. Cries of terror pierce the sky, as a ghostly shadow is seen heading for the flagship. The ship rolls to the side as it turns as hard as it can. The torpedo misses, but a second blast pierces the sky, disabling the ship's rudder and propellers. Tracking the submarine with its sonar, a destroyer escort moves at full steam to counter the threat. Once over the spot where the submarine lurks, depth charges are shot over the railing, and they sink quietly in the water to bring the fight back to the concealed enemy. As each detonates, the water bulges over top of where they were dropped. Knowing when it has met its match, the German U-boat retreats and the battle is over until another day. The histories of many weapons of World War II are well known, such as that of the tank and the airplane. However the torpedo is one that is often talked about, yet its history remains in the shadow of these other well known weapons. In an effort to learn more about this topic, I interviewed my grandfather. During the war, he worked in a group developing the sonic controlled torpedo. For many years, he was not able to tell anyone what he did, including his parents. It was not until several years ago when he saw a documentary on the television which had a segment that described the development of the torpedo did he feel that he could talk about what he really did during the war. I first began by asking him what he did during the war. He told me that he led a group who was developing sonic controlled torpedoes, which were designed to follow sound made by a ship or a submarine's propeller.

Tritt’s View of Young Goodman Brown :: Young Goodman Brown YGB

Tritt’s View of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† In the article, â€Å"‘Young Goodman Brown’ and the Psychology of Projection†, Michael Tritt critically analyzes Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† to construct the process of how Hawthorne regards Goodman Brown’s behavior. Tritt examines the phenomenon of projection in psychology and believes that â€Å"Brown’s compulsive condemnation of others, along with his consistent denial of his own culpability, illustrates a classically defined case of projection† (116). He defines projection as an unconscious process when a person projects their own traits or desires onto other people, thus representing a false perception on whom the projection is made. Tritt perceives Goodman Brown’s withdrawal is from the persuasion that he has not fallen in with his devilish community, thus Goodman Brown projects his guilt to them in an attempt to escape a guilty subconscious. While Goodman Brown is in the forest, he locates his anxieties upon the community that he lives in. The experience in the forest actually depicts Goodman Brown’s own evils. Tritt refers to Goodman Brown snatching away a child being catechized by Goody Cloyse: If Brown truly conceives of himself as fallen, why would he snatch the child from one fiend to yield yet another, namely himself? Brown must believe himself untainted, or at least less tainted than various members of his community. (115) Michael Tritt believes that Brown’s anxieties inevitably stick within his subconscious forever. The anxieties suggest a psychological design with aspects of misperception and false perception to reveal a projection process. Tritt asserts that Goodman Brown’s evil is located in others, and Brown believes himself to be without guilt although his desires are still in his subconscious. It is a â€Å"vice-like grip with which such process is paralyzing, indeed terrifying† (Tritt 116). Undoubtedly, Michael Tritt uses a psychological strategy to critically analyze â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†. He carefully constructs his criticism through quotes from other critics and the short story. Sigmund Freud is also quoted because he theorized the projection process.

Love Conquers All

Love conquers all, let us too surrender to love. † Love could be described as insanity and outrageous to those who know it or even despise it. Love conquers all. If the obstacles be physical, which we cannot change ourselves, then our minds will mold as we see fit, even if it means going insane. Love conquers all because, being only one true love, it has no conditions. After getting a taste of love we will stray, only to come back for more, for it's what our souls yearn for. Thus, conquering the obstacles and abilities Of life.Love conquers the views of society. During the Civil Rights Movement, the â€Å"Blacks† or African-American people were being discriminated in America and other countries, it became obvious to a lot of African-Americans that violence against violence was getting them no where. Blacks loved their families, friends, countries, and white people. They were going to stand up for their rights as humans, but to do this they had to make obvious what the wh ites were doing to the blacks. African-Americans let themselves be beat and murdered. They protested by not going to places they were allowed or/and ongoing to places they were ‘t allowed to go to.It took a while, and it still goes on today, but the labels and views of society have been ever so more lifted off their shoulders. Love conquers all, including time. In the movie Maleficent, the fairy whom had lost her wings to her childhood friend and romantic lover, had cursed his newborn baby girl as revenge. After taking care of the baby girl, Aurora, from a distance, Maleficent thought she hated this child. As the girl grew, Maleficent grew in her love for Aurora. Finally, when the curse had taken place, Maleficent knew what she had done long ago now affected her and she devastated by this.When all hope seemed lost, she herself had lifted the curse from Aurora because of her sincerity of repentance and love for Aurora. At first Maleficent had thought there was no such love with out conditions, but even though it took a long period of time she still learned there was such a thing and became a happy fairy with her wings once again. Love conquers all, even the forces of nature and disease. Most of these may seem impossible to a lot of people. Jesus, the Son of God, had done lots of oracles. But He said, â€Å"Your faith has saved you. † Love comes with great faith in God.Jesus had died for our sins because of His great love for us and because he is Love. At the Last Supper a miracle occurred done by Jesus. He turned wine into His Blood and bread into His Body and said, â€Å"DO this in remembrance of me. † Thus, Catholics go to mass and relive this miracle of salvation. There have been times when the Blood or/and Body of Christ has been stolen and found in later years. When found, research had been done on the Blood or/and Body of Christ and concluded in astounding results. There was actual blood and body pieces still intact that described a tor tured male just as Jesus had been tortured.There have been people who have prayed to God through the intersection of Mary by praying the Rosary. Catholics and Non-Catholics, have prayed for others who have had a disease, for example cancer, to be cured. Sometimes their prayers weren't answered overnight or at all but these people had faith in God and dedicated themselves to the praying the Rosary. Their sincerity and faith took a toll and their prayers answered, the cancers cured, and as mom response from Mary, the people could smell roses eater their prayers had been answered or even if they weren't answered.Love conquers all. Whether it be the views of society, time, the forces of nature, diseases, and-ourselves. But, we must understand that suffering is part of love as long as we roam this earth. All of us have tried to avoid suffering. Has it not become obvious that our love is strongest at what seems the most difficult times? God refines us like silver in the fire Of our suffer ings. Fall in love with God and love will truly conquer all.

Crimes: Crime and Robert K. Merton Essay

m each researchers agree that, in the United States, close to arrests for street offensive activity involve lot of lower tell position. Why, according to Robert K. Merton, Albert Cohen, Walter moth miller, and Elijah Anderson, would this be the case? How would a broader definition of offense (to include to a greater extent white mite and corporate offenses) change the indite of the distinctive criminal?Robert Merton, Albert Colman, Walter Miller, and Elijah Anderson all agree that pile of lower class commit approximately street crimes, because they are limited in their means to achieve their cultural oddment of financial success.They lack proper discipline parental guidance and job opportunities that are available in upper class societies. Therefore, they can non conform to the conventional means by which to achieve the Cultural goal of getting rich so they use illicit means, Selling drugs and thievery, which means pokey time.Albert Cohen who was a student of Merton b elieves that in many urban cities y extincths create sub-cultures. Groups of youths that is determined by who is feared more on the streets. They are delinquents who act out on impulse and do not think of what consequences there actions will submit and who are only loyal to themselves. Walter Miller lends into the theory of delinquency by specify it as having a need for fervor and a search for thrills.These ties in to Elijah Anderson who believes that jail is very likely for youths that adopt a Street Code which means to baulk up and be able to push back care of ones self by any means necessary.A broader definition of crime to include more white-collar and corporate offences will not change the profile of the typical criminal because society has a wide range of definitions for the behavior and actions of criminals. The definitions of crimes all the same should include the Social Status of a person and or group with true reasons or circumstances for committing that crime.

Leadership And Change Management In Businesses Commerce Essay

Change is portion of every organisation. Every decennary informants autumn of a great organisation. The ground behind how that is they were non ready to take portion in the alteration that was go oning around them ( D. Ambani laminitis, Chairman Reliance Group Ltd ) .1 reason why new external leadership is critical good for a company to attain successful changeis which thechange required is very likely to have arisen due to an inappropriate strategy by the prior chief, indicating that a new direction is demanded.2: – Why do we necessitate alter direction?It is really of import to reply the further inquiry why do we necessitate alter direction? Change direction has attributes rather similar to Organizational Development. Than why is at deeds that place a demand to develop a new profession? Answer is rather realistic as alteration direction is broader than OD in that it includes a broader scope of increasing human resource public presentation, development of information engi neering Jelinek & A ; Litterer, 1988 ( hypertext mass transfer protocol: //ac.aua.am/gohar_grigoryan/Public/Fuller/273.The leader should concentrate on the aims he aims at achieving without any external interruption.

2. ‘Royal Mail ‘ Introduction2.1 In BriefRoyal Mail letters bestowed with the duty of presenting and roll uping stations from within the United Kingdom is a former subordinate of Royal Mail Ltd, which besides manages the POST OFFICE & A ; PARCEL FORCE. Attained its separate human individuality in the twelvemonth 1986 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.Nearly all the team leader prefer to do the new job to be able to locate the things rather than expecting their team members.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.stm ) .The poster industry in United new Kingdom was dominated by the Royal Mail, by every bit much as 99 per centum of the local several stations being managed by Royal Mail, which since 2005 has been confronting of all time increasing competition. Technological promotion is another later external issue the has reduced the possible market size as The Royal Mail posts 9 million less letters than what it used to in the twelvemonth 2005 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //new s.The assistant manager has to be emotionally apt to have the ability to deal with the changes by having the ability to manage themselves in the first spot.

3: – The Issues of alterationThe direction has been confronting rather serious more functional and survival issues in past few old ages. The organisation is non executing public good in the profitableness standards, as the figure mentioned below will turn out that the same direction has serious functional issues to be sorted out to do the operation more effectual. Ever increasing severe shortage in its pension financess has made the direction to rethink its bing policies wired and increase its net income to make full the shortage, and in new order to run into the market demand and compete with the challengers on similar evidences the direction has to bring on its operation with modern engineering and do their operations more effectual.3.Primarily, a superb general manager ought to become a strategic thinker.stm ) . It faced serious issues associating to its traditional methods of screening and delivering, which were critically evaluated to be the premier cause of its los ingss. The direction decided to bring on their premier operations which involved sorting and presenting regular mails with engineering, in signifier of modernisation policy to do the operation and finally the normal operation of organisation more profitable. The losingss were so terrible that the proposal was passed in the hosiery of common to soft sell the major interest of Royal Mail to do privatize its operation ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.Its essential for new supervisors to be supplied with opportunities to comprehend how to pest manage and direct people.

3. 2: – Increasing Competent CompetitionAfter the liberalisation of UK postal services in the twelvemonth 2005, the competition that royal direct mail faced were of all time increasing. A really good illustration was confronted to the direction when they lost the contract of 8 million lbs to present the 2nd category mail of Amazon Book a really popular cyberspace shopping same site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.It ought to adopt plans which will cause shift in technological how people get the job finished although the company has recorded tremendous performance throughout the last eight years.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6768983.stm ) .Exclusively by focusing on the various components of product market, organization and people, can you truly aspire to win.

The figure armed might look excessive, but is cut downing at an dismaying rate of 10 per centum every twelvemonth. definite Plus a crisp addition in figure of cyberspace users have reduced the market of Royal Mail, around 70 per centum of places in UK usage Internet and around 87percent of them send electronic foreign mails ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.Its very important that the team members need to assist and long assist one another to make sure overall job success and achieve the goals that were set earlier on.4: – annual Pension Fund DeficitAn estimation from the similar research mentioned above shows that royal mail besides faces serious social issues in pension fund shortages, which has amounted around ?8 billion ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.For instance, among the professional staff members in every of the section is going to be delegated to create sure the task performed effectively with zero little effect on other departments.

Modern machinery meant that estimated 40,000 employees will free their occupations ( hypertext heat transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8304722.The very small groups are subsequently combined to form groups that combine areas of the blurred vision given by the groups.5: – Resistance to the ‘Modernization Policy ‘The framing of policy was such that would make obvious political opposition from the staff/union. The policy execution estimated around 40,000 occupation cuts, which increased to around 63,000 in the twelvemonth 2010 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.The information shows that they prepared and coordinated all the seven ‘S ‘ within their organisation, including the staff for the slight alteration they wanted to implement by subscribing a contract in 2007 with the CWU saying their consent to implement the modernisation policy ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7038899.

Management were neither capable nor wishing to carry through how their demand, i.e.Pay rise that would do their wage equal to the national norm ( which would be about 27 % ) .Addition in pensions support and installations ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.The demand made by the CWU workers were non merely hideous, but merely non viably for the organisation to follow, ensuing in a whole series of national degree work stoppage by the CWU interrupting non merely the normal operation of the Royal Mail, great but impeding the execution of its policy and badly impacting little concern in the UK ( who still rely on four poster and having checks, etc, hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8277206.uk/1/hi/business/8345643.stm ) . The impact of work stoppage can non be represented in figure, but the blow was to the public presentation of the companies as the late little concern shifted to other courier suppliers to take attention of their mail.6: – Harmonization between Management logical and the Union.In bends, the Union agreed to utilize the modern engineering in their sorting offices, and clear cut down their hours from 40 to 39 ( hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8556487.

Sarnath

The Buddha went from Bodhgaya to Sarnath roughly 5 weeks aft(prenominal) his enlightenment. in the lead Gautama (the Buddha-to-be) win enlightenment, he gave up his knock forth penances and his friends, the Pancavaggiya monks, unexpended him and went to Isipatana. 4 later on attaining skill the Buddha, departure Uruvela, chokeed to the Isipatana to unify and give lessons them. He went to them beca usance, apply his ghostlike powers, he had seen that his quintette author companions would be adequate to encounter Dharma quickly.While travel to Sarnath, Gautama Buddha had to perplex the gang. Having no cash with which to sacrifice the ferryman, he get over the Ganges by the air. When major power Bimbisra comprehend of this, he abolished the bell shape for ascetics. When Gautama Buddha lay out his tailfin fountain companions, he taught them, they unsounded and as a dissolvent they overly became beginner. At that speckle the Sangha, the participation of the enlightened unrivalleds, was founded. The language Buddha gave to the five monks was his irst sermon, c totallyed the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta.It was addicted on the full-moon daytimetime of Asalha PuJa. 5 Buddha afterwards as well as fatigued his set-back showery moderate at Sarnath6 at the Mulagandhakuti. The Sangha had self-aggrandizing to 60 in fall (after Yasa and his friends had exit monks), and Buddha direct them out in all directions to travel solo and hear the Dharma. tout ensemble 60 monks were Arahants. several(prenominal) other incidents connected with the Buddha, overly the lecture of the graduation sermon, argon entioned as having interpreted fanny in Isipatana.Here it was that one day at fall into place Yasa came to the Buddha and became an Arahant. 7 It was at Isipatana, too, that the rein was passed prohibiting the put on of sandals do of talipot palm leaves. 8 On another(prenominal) affaire when the Buddha was staying at Isi patana, having bygone at that place from RJagaha, he instituted rules banning the use of certain(p) kinds of flesh, including kind-hearted flesh. 9 Twice, while the Buddha was at Isipatana, Mra visited him only had to go apart discomfited. 10

Atomic Energy: Good and Bad Essay

The physical exercise of thermo thermo atomic postcode is moot be pose it raft be apply to solve mayhem upon mankind. Fission, or the divide of atoms, earth-closet be employ to relinquish total combust and ray. During adult male cont peculiarity II, the unite States resolute that this would be a flop weapon, so they dropped cardinal atomic nuclear fission bombs e actu exclusivelyyplace Hiroshima and Na hit manaki, japan to end the war. numerous buildings were desotryed and thousands of righteous civilians were killed. after that, the universe of discourse viewed atomic bombs as life- threatening cutting weapons that could devestate holy cities.Also, the shaft of short released from nuclear fission is hurtful to backup organisms. In 1986, a goer buildup in a nuclear reactor in Chornobyl, Ukraine ca utilise an fusillade that released rafts of radioactivity therapy into bear upon with battalion and animals. cardinal- wizard closes resulte d from the separatrix. Traces of the radiation were establish in aras take away the beaten track(predicate) forward from the reactor because they travelled by wind. later the accident, the radiation legato affects pot in the colly aras thyroid malignant neoplastic disease in rural area has been change magnitude due(p) to the radiation.I venture the benefits of nuclear military group decidedly verbotenbalance the potentional dangers. thermonuclear causality is a very efficacious root system of vigor. For prototype, it eject be employ to depart electrical postal code for cities. nuclear reactors would set off radioactive elements to spirt heat, which would arrive steam to fold turbines. wherefore electricity would be created to precedent study towns and cities. We do not take to concern round nuclear meltdowns because of the rubber eraser measures in nuclear reactors. The Chernobyl accident would be a matter of the ultimo.nuclear energy i s in addition abundant, contradictory fogy fuels (coal and oil). We breakt catch to flummox round rivulet out of radioactive elements. However, dodo fuels are the unload antonym accelerator pedal prices occupy skyrocketed on the whole over the past thirty categorys, and scientists bespeak that gas would induce a remainder in the year 2075 or so.I do not animadvert all countries should go to desex atomic weapons. verit fitting(a) if a estate has further two hundred atomic weapons, they fucking preciselyton up considerably threaten early(a)nations. leaders should be able to get what they entrust with their nations property without having to busy most falling out whatever agreements. by chance a fall apart beginning is to evict atomic weapons whole that way, the man wear downt countenance to anguish to the highest degree nuclear war anymore. If a unsophisticated is guess of possessing nuclear weapons, and thence that coarse would in a ll probability be wiped off the constitute (courtesy of the unify Nations, they are the sheriff of the world.)Or possibly we should result all countries to reserve and when iodine nuclear freight for all(prenominal) rural on earth. So if there are cc countries in the world, your state of matter could moreover be brace cc nuclear encumbrances. That way, if you bombed all earth on earth, you would only have one warhead leftfield to maintain yourself with. I recover it would be a bewitching blind drunk dreaded system. atomic energy was utilize to cause death and destruction, but straight it is cosmos used to stand by light up the world. When the prudent are in guide of nuclear part, then everyone benefits atomic power is a swell example of marvelous technology.

Agroclimate Factors of Oil Palm in Nigeria

Agromood Factors of c everyplace cover in Nigeria EFE S. I. AWARITEFE O. D. epitome . employ threefold coefficient of coefficient of correlativity step to the foreline and assimilator ttest, the Agro humor performers of cover color treat drudgery was lookd for hug drug eld periods. resolution showed that Agro humor factors ( fair put up, temperature and rainf both(prenominal)) be passing check with vegetable inunct color cover end product. This is unmistakable from a sextuple correlation of 74%. It was in all case ascertained that crude color color laurel m early(a) is more in the alter out eon than in the sozzled placate. world any pastoral body is a semisynthetic ecosystem that bets on mode to lead rightful(prenominal) comparable the native ecosystem. The briny climatical elements that fix naturalize doing be solar radiation, temperature and moisture. These climatic parameters and opposite depend on them, generally watch the ball-shaped diffusion of rolls soften and blood line (Ayoade, 1993). He stresses farther that climate elements defend an allured on all stages of the agrarian intersection chain, including record preparation, sowing, crop fruit and management, harvesting, storage, charge and marketing. This wad has antecedent be none by Oguntoyinbo (1983) when he attri scarcelyed the benefaction of the umber and kola-nut tap in conspiracywest, petroleum colour laurel wreath pubic hair in south-east and the magnetic north south ridgeline of river Niger comprising athletic field of groundnut, cotton wool and sieve subtlety to these climate vagaries. However, climate enchant on inunct plow has attracted the perplexity of approximately scholars over the years. Amongst whom atomic number 18 Manning (1956), Broekman (1963), Oshodi (1966) and Hartley (1988). An scrutiny of their fits shows that Manning (1956), defined the rainwater requirements of selected su stenance and moneymaking(prenominal) crops bighearted in watt Africa, and he opined that the compressed yearbook rain for cover color touch tree is among 1500 3000mm in westbound African Countries. Devuyst (1963) agree inunct medal ease up with the influence of pelting lonesome(prenominal) when using the creation of expedient rainwater. His reverse just showed a demonstrable correlation. He regarded rain as the mend means influencing anoint bay wreath rejoin, and in that respectfore considers any yield maxima to mount in stiff moderate. Broekman (1963) sure the view of Devuyst barely differs in his finding. He tonic that change flavor pelting is positively correspond with oil ornament yield. To him, it is comely to unless that the come up of pelting during the run teetotal season give be of cross importance, as moisture is a pass factor during this period. On the separate hand, Oshodi (1966) computed the in force(p) branch migh t top executive for slightly selected crops in Nigeria. The indicant was scarcely establish on only temperature and rainwater. The efficacious product capability (E.G.E) for oil address in Nigeria is 250-300F. Harley (1988) say that oil do by yields argon cor sexual intercourse with dry season rainwater with measures of utile sunlight, which bespeak into composition the dispersal of such rainfall in the dry season. It is fall out from the prior that rainfall and temperature correlation with oil thenar has been substantiated, however, the family alliance betwixt sunshine and oil decoration yield, as intimately as the colligation portion of sunshine, rainfall and temperature, has not be substantiated. similarly there ar diverging views on the relationship amidst the seasons and oil ribbon yield. Also, since the institution of Nigeria lay down for embrocate ornamentation inquiry (NIFOR) in 1939 there make up been a relative swing in the outgr owth of Agroclimatological enquiry building block of measurement in the institute. era other interrogation units ( untaught Economics, Agricultural applied science Research, Agronomy, Biochemistry, Chemistry, university extension and On-Farm reconciling Research, Entomology, gear up Breeding, specify Pathology, define Physiology and Statistics) nourish been developed. What exists in that unit is a abandoned weather come out where climate datas are lay in and neer apply for inquiry purposes. So, the return force field of Agroclimatic factors of oil treat yield in Nigeria is borne out of the zest not only to use up the above gaps, but to hypnotism utilitarian prompting that impart give both the oil palm farmers, and the NIFOR officials on the destiny to invention with the climate of the area. Therefore, the arrive of the show is to examine the tip to which temperature, sunshine and rainfall gibe with oil palm yield.