Women s Rights During The 20th Century - 1302 Words

Women’s rights has been a problem for a very long time and still is today. Some of the biggest movements to fight for women s equalities happened in the 20th century. People like Betty Friedan, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Susan B. Anthony helped to make it possible. In the 20th century there were two waves of feminism and third started in the 80’s but still continues today. I talk about the first and second wave in this essay. Then how these waves have changed the role of women in society. One of the first things to change the role of women in society was the right to vote. Women were seen as an object that took care of the things men didn’t want to. The female doesn t really expect a lot from life. She s here as someone s keeper — her husband s or her children s (Tavaana). Some women didn’t want this and they knew the start to getting equality was to get the right to vote. It started in July 1848 Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony starte d a movement that would continue even into the the 21st century. Their main goal was to get the women to vote and that fight lasted seventy years (â€Å"Women s Suffrage†). A few states like Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado gave women the right to before the whole country did. All of this was at stake on June 4, 1919. It was the key vote to see if women would be given the right to vote. â€Å"The Senate approved the amendment by 56 to 25 after four hours of debate...† By 1920 the 19th amendment was ratified in all the states.Show MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Movement During The 20th Century2104 Words   |  9 PagesDuring the 20th century, the women’s rights movement changed the role of women in society for the better, causing a change in the traditional gender roles that culture dictated before the turn of the century. Women won the right to vote in 1919, which was a major turning point in the respect of women as equal members of society as compared to men. 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FinallyRead MoreGertrude Stein : A Feminist Approach Of Seeming Weak And Unstable1635 Words   |  7 PagesOnce there was a movement for women to grow and expand what they wanted to do there were many poets and writers that wanted to write about the actions that were occurring in that time period. Once poet was Gertrude Stein, in Food and Objects, there is a feminist approach of seeming weak and unstable. Her use of word choice with at first thinking that nothing is making sense about her writing, along with her talking about domestic spaces and always looking outside. Her having multiple pieces of workRead MoreWomen‚Äà ´s Suffrage Movement of Europe1187 Words   |  5 Pageshistory, women have struggled for equality in all parts of the world. European women fou ght for suffrage for an extremely long period of time before they were granted full voting rights. Each country approved women’s suffrage at different times, but it occurred in most European countries in the early 20th century. The first country to develop universal suffrage was Finland in the year 1906(â€Å"Women’s Suffrage in Europe†). One of the last countries to become open about women’s voting rights was SwitzerlandRead MoreThe Impact Of The Industrial Revolution On America1060 Words   |  5 Pagescan be achieved by anybody in America, this is shown leading up to the first half of the 20th century. During the first century and a half, the United States was focused on territorial expansion and economic growth. This led the United States to become a young vibrant nation. The next half century international and domestic events transpired which led the nation to become a world power in the 20th century. To understand the power shifts in the beginning of the modern era, it is important toRead MoreThe Evolution of Gender Roles and its Role in Society1505 Words   |  7 Pageshad a huge impact on the way men and women are seen and treated. 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Ict And Science As A National Curriculum Subjects Education Essay Free Essays

string(303) " for illustration scientific discipline at foundation phase is introduced to kids throughout drama and activities that encourage them what they need physically and what they need to make to detect in order to research the universe around them, this is called cognition and apprehension of the universe\." In linguistic communication, literacy and communicating kids will be able to speak with assurance, sing vocals, be able to compose and read some words. The counsel believes that larning in this country involves â€Å" communicating, speech production and listening in different state of affairss and for different intents, being read a broad scope of books and reading simple texts and composing for a assortment of intents † . hypertext transfer protocol: //www. We will write a custom essay sample on Ict And Science As A National Curriculum Subjects Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now preschool.me.uk/goals.php In Mathematical development kids will larn math throughout games and narratives and they will be more comfy with Numberss. Harmonizing to foundation phase counsel, larning in mathematical development country is made up of â€Å" numeration, screening, fiting, seeking forms, doing connexions, recognizing relationships and working with Numberss, forms, infinite and measuring † hypertext transfer protocol: //www.thevillaschoolandnursery.co.uk/school2.htm In Physical development kids will go more skilled at motor and motion of their organic structure. Furthermore, in originative development kids will detect colorss, texture and forms and making things such as doing music. Science contains grasp and cognition of the universe ‘s part in the early twelvemonth foundation stage.A Harmonizing to foundation phase counsel this learning country must include â€Å" activities based on first manus experiences that encourage geographic expedition, observation job resolution, anticipation, critical thought, determination devising and treatment † hypertext transfer protocol: //www.thevillaschoolandnursery.co.uk/school2.htm The mathematical, scientific discipline and linguistic communication development countries will so be sorted into early larning aims in order to warrant that what the bulk of kids are expected to achieve at the terminal of the foundation phase The course of study support is designed â€Å" to assist practicians plan to run into the diverse demands of all kids so that most will accomplish and some, where appropriate, will travel beyond the early acquisition ends by the terminal of the foundation phase † . ( Tassoni, P 2005 ) In the early twelvemonth foundation phase, the practician ‘s chief function is to promote kids to larn and accomplish independency, they must plan important activities and need do certain that every spot of activities are comprehensive to all children.A Acoording to Macleod-Brudenell, ( 2004 ) , everybody has to be included in the planning and work together. Parents/ practicians must often acquire together and discourse to convey up to day of the month every kid ‘s profile in order to give a distinguished and efficient course of study to run into the assorted demands of immature individuals. National course of study The Curriculum counsel which links to the instruction period that shortly follows after the Foundation phase is the National Curriculum. The National Curriculum is aimed at kids from the age of 5 to 16. It was foremost set up late in 1988 for primary and secondary schools. To get down with, the National Curriculum is a design used by all schools that are run by the authorities in England, its end is to attest that acquisition and instruction is well-balanced and dependable across the state. The standard of the National Curriculum is puting out topics that are traveling to be taught within schools, the rules or achievement marks in every topic are what instructors use to estimate the kid ‘s betterment, and the methods in which a kid ‘s advancement is assessed is through studies. At cardinal phases 1 and 2 in the national course of study the statutory topics that every pupils should analyze are design and engineering, information and communicating engineering, art and design, history, English, geographics, physical instruction, , mathematics, scientific discipline, Religious instruction and music. However, Science, Maths and English are considered as the National Curriculum ‘s chief topics. The map of the Foundation phase Curriculum is support for the National Curriculum in the countries within the Foundation phase Guidance communicating, literacy, linguistic communication, mathematical sweetening, general cognition and a good apprehension of the universe. These are all in line with the aims inside the model for learning maths, literacy and scientific discipline at degree 1 of the National Curriculum. hypertext transfer protocol: //curriculum.qcda.gov.uk/key-stages-1-and-2/ Difference in EYFS and national course of study Harmonizing to Macleod-Brudenell, ( 2004 ) , the early twelvemonth foundation phase concentrates on the procedure led theoretical account, nevertheless the National Curriculum concentrates on the Content Led theoretical account in order to promote kids to take an effectual duty in society every bit good as supplying them with accomplishments, cognition and apprehension. The construction of the National Curriculum is different to foundation phase. For illustration in the national course of study, it ‘s the determination of schools to take how they want organise their school course of study to include the programmes of survey. â€Å" The programmes of survey ( the Education Act 1996 ) , set out what students should be taught in each topic at each cardinal phase, and supply the footing for be aftering strategies of work. When planning, schools should besides see the four general instruction demands ( usage of linguistic communication, usage of ICT and wellness and safety and inclusion ) that apply across the programmes of survey † . hypertext transfer protocol: //czone.eastsussex.gov.uk/sites/gtp/library/professional/Documents/induction/The % 20Structure % 20of % 20the % 20National % 20Curriculum.pdf In the national course of study, national makings are the most of import methods of clear uping accomplishments in National Curriculum topics. Most of pupils will hold to stay working at degrees 1-3 in the first cardinal phase and so accomplish degree 2 by the terminal of the cardinal phase, at degrees 2-5 in cardinal phase pupils achieve degree 4 by the terminal and degrees 3-7 at cardinal phase 3, degrees 5/6 will be attained by the shutting phases of the cardinal phase. hypertext transfer protocol: //curriculum.qcda.gov.uk/key-stages-1-and-2/Values-aims-and-purposes/about-the-primary-curriculum/index.aspx In the national course of study, instructors must do a program of survey and the capablenesss of their pupils. And so they need to describe one time a twelvemonth at the terminal of each cardinal phase to parents to discourse the betterments of pupils. the major difference in foundation phase and the national course of study is that there are tonss of activities that are available for kids in foundation phase, chiefly everything they learn is through activities and drama, for illustration scientific discipline at foundation phase is introduced to kids throughout drama and activities that encourage them what they need physically and what they need to make to detect in order to research the universe around them, this is called cognition and apprehension of the universe. You read "Ict And Science As A National Curriculum Subjects Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" They will besides be encouraged to foretell, do determinations, work out jobs and believe. Every spot of activities and drama in foundation phase countries of the national course of study helps kids to develop physically and creatively. However in the national course of study the survey is acquiring harder and instructors are rigorous about survey towards students. The most of import focal point of the foundation phase course of study is to fix pupils for the following degree which is traveling to a primary school by the age of five. It observes the kid as â€Å" active scholars † and â€Å" going a student † . Throughout the early twelvemonth foundation phase the scholar ‘s accomplishment is measured all the manner through formal observations, appraisals and cheque lists. This is called the Foundation Stage Profile. There are no marks of peculiar proving in foundation phase in contrast the national course of study which kids have to be assessed for every topic at the terminal of each cardinal phase in order to see how the kid is come oning. A There are some alterations that occur which kids experience when they leave foundation phase and travel up to identify phase 1. These include distancing from drama to work activities, they will besides travel from thematic to capable activities, and besides they ‘ll see more formal method of instruction. Importance of scientific discipline as a national course of study The national course of study promotes the significance of Science to assist kids to derive cognition and apprehension of the universe around them. It is because of scientific discipline that kids find the ground for expected â€Å" phenomenon † that they see in their mundane life. It does hold a monolithic influence on the universe and it besides helps keep the good health of people. Furthermore, Science teaches about cooperation and struggle managing, it helps people in holding strong communicating accomplishments. For case, when giving description on a research, pupils have to utilize appropriate research and communications accomplishments. This afterwards will be functional, as it promotes personal relationships. It ‘s besides throughout scientific discipline that kids gain cognition in relation to covering with conflicting point of position, and besides let go ofing when to collaborate with others and work on their ain. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.truthinscience.org.uk/site/content/view/24/45/ Furthermore, larning about scientific discipline helps them to be more accountable and a more responsible society, this is because they ‘ll larn how to believe crucially and besides they ‘ll hold a better apprehension on how things function in the universe ; hence, they would be able to do appropriate determinations and do a healthier and more unafraid environment. The importance of ICT as a national course of study The National Curriculum besides promotes the significance of ICT across the course of study. Information and communications engineering is by and large anything that uses electricity. For illustration: computing machine, picture, Television and etc. Schools have a major duty in developing ICT ability. Numerous facets of ICT are critical for all schools. These are include: the significance of spread outing ICT accomplishments to develop apprehension of the persons and the society as a whole, to be able to administer ideas and work as a squad, the ability to derive accomplishments and cognition throughout a scope of methods and techniques, and besides to do the most usage of ICT to keep instruction and acquisition across the course of study. Presents in all schools Children of the immature age need assorted cognition of ICT if they want to be successful in their future life. The most of import purpose of national course of study by seting ICT along states is to develop kids ‘s accomplishments, cognition and attitudes in association to communications and information engineering. It ‘s besides to promote them to develop their assurance, ego regard and apprehension in utilizing ICT and supply them with quick and researchable entree to great sum of information. Furthermore, to assist them to decide jobs, analyze on their ain and to pass on and collaborate with other people and better their communicating accomplishments. hypertext transfer protocol: //curriculum.qcda.gov.uk/new-primary-curriculum/essentials-for-learning-and-life/ICT-capability/ICT-across-the-curriculum/index.aspx Reception program For the subject of scientific discipline I have done an activity with kids aged 4 to 5 old ages old in response category, to advance their apprehension and cognition of scientific discipline, the World around them and how it works. 6 kids took portion in the activity. The activity was based on mini animals, which is a scientific discipline topic within the foundation phase course of study. Mini beasts include ladybugs, spiders, caterpillars, butterflies, etc. The lesson was in relation to what they eat, where they live and where we can happen them. This activity was based on scientific discipline ; nevertheless it supports kids in developing their apprehension and cognition in other countries of the curriculum as-well such as: maths, art, ICT, communicating and linguistic communication. Mathematicss: I asked kids to number mini animals on the smart board and so I asked them to number how many legs they have. ICT: I used Information Communication Technology to pull up mini animals on the smart board and encouraged kids to come and pull mini animals on the smart board and so compensate their name next to images. Communication: I encouraged kids to discourse what they eat and where they live Art: I asked kids to pull mini animals on a piece of apparent paper and so utilize coloring material pencil to color them in. I feel that the kids learned a batch from this activity as they had n’t yet done the scientific discipline course of study ; therefore they have n’t got much apprehension and cognition on scientific discipline and the universe around them. I feel that this activity promoted the kids ‘s acquisition and development in the course of study every bit good as promoted their communicating, linguistic communication and usage of ICT. However, some of the kids needed extra support. This activity was really educational for the kids, taking portion in it has supported them in increasing their apprehension. Personal contemplation By making this lesson I learned how to be after and use activities for the right phase and age of the kids that I will work with. I besides gained cognition of how to collaborate with kids during the activity and how to measure their acquisition. I ‘ve learned how to back up the kids who may necessitate it and how to make resources and put up activities suited for them. This activity besides helped me in deriving assurance and improved my communicating accomplishments. Furthermore, it helped me derive experience of working with kids and admiting them. Key phase 1 lesson program I besides planned another scientific discipline activity for kids age 7 old ages olds within the national course of study. The activity involves natural philosophies which will increase kids ‘s apprehension and cognition of scientific discipline, every bit good as deriving a good apprehension of how conduction and circuitry plants. What I ‘m traveling to make is to learn kids that in order for a circuit to work decently there must be no spread in the circuit so the electricity can blemish. For this lesson the kids will hold an independent pick on which the equipments they can think that would carry on electricity. Harmonizing to national course of study counsel â€Å" Children should be taught that it is of import to roll up grounds by doing observations and measurings when seeking to reply a inquiry. † It is indispensable to educate kids how to look into and research because it helps them to decide jobs and to hold an reply to their ain inquiries. It will besides assist them to work out any jobs that they may confront in the hereafter. For this activity I will take my laptop to the category and demo kids how electricity flows and so I will pull up the circuit on the smart board and explicate to kids that within the plastic coating there is a wire which conducts electricity. I will besides give illustrations of other stuffs that can carry on electricity. The following program which I provided for kids is a computing machine game, so what I am traveling to make is promote kids to take portion in a computing machine game activity. The activity will be to inquire kids to press a button on a keyboard to travel objects, and when they press the button the objects will travel, by making this they will come to cognize that electricity current base on ballss through a wire which causes the object on the screen to travel. This activity will advance kids ‘s communicating as they discuss and ask inquiries such as: why? How? What will go on if? And besides promote them to foretell of what ‘s traveling to go on before they do it. They will besides recognize whether the trial was just or non. By the terminal of the lesson kids will be able to cognize that chiefly metal points conduct electricity. They ‘ll besides derive cognition that largely all electrical conduction is non linked toA coloring material, weight, size and texture. Personal contemplation By making this activity I will larn how to collaborate with kids and program scientific discipline activity to spread out their apprehension about natural philosophies.I will besides place the demands of the single kid, some possibly will necessitate excess support. Furthermore, in the activity which I planned for kids, I ‘ll demo good apprehension of anti-bias pattern and anti discriminatory. Evaluation I feel that by making this activity for kids I will finish my purposes because kids will hold a good apprehension of electricity and conduction every bit good as they will bask the activity excessively. They will widen their basic apprehension and cognition of the universe around them. They will besides larn which stuffs can carry on electricity and which can non. They will besides place that even though the electrical conduction is non something to be seen but it ‘s something which is present and needed for every twenty-four hours life. 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Writing Introductions and Conclusions to Essay free essay sample

The quality of an essay introduction often determines whether the essay gets read in the first place. A good introduction gives the reader a good initial impression, entices the reader to read on, and encourages the reader to give an excellent evaluation at the end. The topic of your essay is going to illustrate or explore in the body of the essay which turn out to be more and more poignant. Hence, the introduction should always be designed in such a way, so that it attracts the readers attention and give them a proper idea of the essays focus. n. The function of introduction The introduction has various functions.All the functions applied on a introduction will help writer to build a fine start. Eve divided the function into several part and explain each propose of function. 1. Describing background information Providing background information in an essay introduction serves as a bridge to link the reader to the topic of an essay. We will write a custom essay sample on Writing Introductions and Conclusions to Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But exactly how long this bridge should be is largely dependent on how much information the writer thinks the reader will need in order to understand the issue being discussed in the essay and appreciate the importance Of the issue.F-or many university writing, one good rule of thumb for students to determine whether enough aground information has been provided is to read the draft introduction to fellow students from other faculties and see whether they understand what is being talked about. 2. Intriguing the Reader It is essential to grab your readers attention in the first few sentences of your essay. You can achieve this by opening with an interesting fact, statistic or quote. 3. Getting the readers attention Some common strategies used to attract the readers interest to an essay are: I. Tell a dramatic anecdote. Ii.Present surprising facts and statistics. Iii. Use a fitting quotation. Iv. Ask a provocative question. . Tell a vivid personal story. Vi. Define a key term. Vii. Present an interesting observation. 4. Lead to the thesis statement. The central idea or thesis statement in an essay introduction is the most important part of the essay and is thus it is indispensable. The thesis statement is usually one or two sentences long and tells the reader what the whole essay is going to be about. It appears near or at the end of the introduction paragraph. It provides details that gradually move towards an assertion that forms the focus of the essay. Without the thesis, the introduction is incomplete. 5. Stating your Argument It is important that your reader is aware from the outset just what you will be arguing in your essay. This will ensure your essay is clear and persuasive. Using the key words, briefly summaries your argument in just one or two sentences. 6. Introducing your Evidence After catching your readers attention and stating your argument, an effective introduction should introduce the aspects of the subject or the evidence that you plan to examine in the main body of the essay in order to support your case. This section does not need to be lengthy; a single sentence will suffice. This is the final step in writing your introduction. Your reader is engaged, has a full understanding of your case and is prepared to see how the points in the body Of your essay support your argument. A proper essay introduction always makes a good essay. It is not necessary that you have to give the entire assignment to them but you can always give this part which is of vital importance to you. Once you have given the topic and the basic idea of the paper the introduction will be well written as per your desired requirement.Essay conclusion is the closing paragraph at the end of the essay to restate our thesis statement (key essay idea) with strong points. The conclusion is the last chance to persuade your readers to your point of view, to impress yourself upon them as a writer and thinker. And the impression you create in your conclusion will shape the impression that stays with your readers after theyve finished the essay. It is different from summary. Summary reiterates the main points of your essay whereas conclusion winds up the essay in a clear and interesting way emphasizing on your personal opinion or suggesting a plan of action.It is normally a two to three lines paragraph that sakes the reader feel that essay is complete. V . The function of the essays Conclusion 1. It reminds the reader of the strengths of the argument. It reiterates the most important evidence supporting the argument. Your conclusion is not simply a repetitive summary as this reduces the impact of the argument you have developed in your essay. 2. The conclusion provides a forum for you to persuasively and succinctly restate your thesis given. The reader has been presented with all the information about the topic. . The concluding paragraph also contains a reflection on the evidence presented, or on the essays thesis. The nature of the reflection will depend on your topic I. Dont simply summarize your essay. A brief summary of your argument may be useful, especially if your essay is long more than ten pages or so. But shorter essays tend not to require a restatement of your main ideas. Ii. Avoid phrases like in conclusion, to conclude, in summary, and to sum up. These phrases can be useful even welcome in oral presentations.But readers can see, by the tell-tale compression of the pages, when an essay is about to end. Youll irritate your audience if you belabor the obvious. Iii. Resist the urge to apologize. If youve immersed yourself in your subject, you now know a good deal more about it than you can possibly include in a five- or ten- or 20-page essay. As a result, by the time you eve finished writing you may be having some doubts about what youve produced. (And if you havent immersed yourself in your subject, you may be feeling even more doubtful about your essay as you approach the conclusion. Repress those doubts. Dont undercut your authority by saying things like, this is just one approach to the subject; there may be other, better approaches.. W. Recommendations for conclusion are: I. A summary paragraph of two or three lines. Ii. Wraps up the essay so it should leave a mark on the reader using assertive and impressive statements. Iii. Should artistically reiterate the main idea of the essay. Iv. Putting questions to readers help them to gain a new viewpoint on the topic. V. Avoid using new points at the end. VOW.Conclusion (the conclusion part) The end of an essay should therefore convey a sense of completeness, its larger meaning, and its implications: the final paragraph should close the discussion without closing it off. IX. Bibliography I. White, 2006). HOW -or write Essay . ND deed. London: McGraw hill. Ii. Holland, M. (1996). The conclusion introduction of essay. Available from: http://www. Cam. AC. UK/writing/essay/ essayconstructureEIectronic maimmaterialoIlowfollowingssed on lth Sep,lath0Seep iii. WanIiiQ. (2007) The Academic writing abroad. Bei JingBeehJinne Tsing HuTestingvHuhity Press. iv. JameIvThe Essay Structure.Oxford: Oxford university Press. X . Appendix Essay writing important part of the essay and is thus indispensable. The thesis statement is usually one or tv#1042TV0 sentences long and tells the reader what the whole essay is going to be about. A thesis statement can be direct or indirect. A direct thesis statement gives a specific outline of the essay. For example, one of my students (in his essay entitled The Qualities of a Successful TechnoprTechnocracies the following thesis statement: The three core qualities that a technoprtechnocraciesssess to be successful are vision, a never-say-quit attitude and an innovative mind. This sentence tells the reader what the essay is going to be about (i. e. thI qEalThees a technoprtechnocraciesssess in order to succeed) and provides a structural outline (i. e. thIt EheThatay will omprise memoriesain parts, each portion respectively covering one of the three qualities mentioned). In an indirect thesis statement, no such outline is provided; however, the reader will still know what aspect of the topic the essay is going to discuss. For example, on the same topic, another of my students wrote this thesis statement: In todays rapidly changing technology market, only technoprdecorousnesssess certain qualities will succeed while those who do not will falter and fall in the battlefield. From this sentence, the reader can still expect the essay to talk about some qualities of a successful echnoprecomprehend/she will neither know exactly which and how many qualities the essay will cover, nor predict how many parts the writer will discuss in the main body paragraphs.The suspense given by an indirect thesis statement sometimes gives the reader a good reason to read on. How to write essay [pic] ikepickgoekestory, an essay should have a beginning, a middle and an end. All too often, students neglect the beginning. First impressions count and the introduction to your essay should be no exception. An introduction is vital because it both prepares and excites the reader. Writing an effective opening aragrapharcographable your reader to see where you are going with your essay from the outset, allowing them to fully engage with your argument.The best introductions also intrigue the reader, sparking their interest in the rest of your essay. Your introduction need not be long but you do need to write one. The following tips on penning your opening paragraph are sure to save you from that infamous essay writers block. Finding the Key Words First of all, take a moment to step back and have a good look at the essay question. Which particular words jump out at you? These key words will help ou to thok about what the essay question requires of you and where your introduction should lead.

Biography of Yuri Gagarin, First Man in Space

Biography of Yuri Gagarin, First Man in Space Yuri Gagarin (March 9, 1934–March 27, 1968) made history on April 12, 1961, when he became both the first person in the world to enter space and the first person to orbit the Earth. Although he never again went to space, his achievement was one of the most significant events of the space race which eventually saw men land on the moon. Fast Facts: Yuri Gagarin Known For: First human being in space and first in Earth orbitBorn: March 9, 1934 in Klushino, USSRParents: Alexey Ivanovich Gagarin, Anna Timofeyevna GagarinaDied: March 27, 1968 in Kirsach, USSREducation: Orenburg Aviation School, where he learned to fly Soviet MiGsAwards and Honors: Order of Lenin, Hero of the Soviet Union, Pilot Cosmonaut of the Soviet Union; monuments were raised and streets named for him across the Soviet UnionSpouse: Valentina GagarinaChildren: Yelena (born 1959), Galina (born 1961)Notable Quote: To be the first to enter the cosmos, to engage single-handed in an unprecedented duel with nature- could anyone dream of anything greater than that? Early Life born in Klushino, a small village west of Moscow in Russia (then known as the Soviet Union). Yuri was the third of four children and spent his childhood on a collective farm where his father, Alexey Ivanovich Gagarin, worked as a carpenter and bricklayer and his mother, Anna Timofeyevna Gagarina, worked as a milkmaid. In 1941, Yuri Gagarin was just 7 years old when the Nazis invaded the Soviet Union. Life was difficult during the war and the Gagarins were kicked out of their home. The Nazis also sent Yuris two sisters to Germany to work as forced laborers. Gagarin Learns to Fly In school, Yuri Gagarin loved both mathematics and physics. He continued on to a trade school, where he learned to be a metalworker and then went on to an industrial school. It was at the industrial school in Saratov that he joined a flying club. Gagarin learned quickly and was obviously at ease in a plane. He made his first solo flight in 1955. Since Gagarin had discovered a love of flying, he joined the Soviet Air Force. Gagarins skills led him to the Orenburg Aviation School, where he learned to fly MiGs. On the same day he graduated from Orenburg with top honors in November 1957, Yuri Gagarin married his sweetheart, Valentina (Valy) Ivanovna Goryacheva. The couple eventually had two daughters together. After graduating, Gagarin was sent on some missions. However, while Gagarin enjoyed being a fighter pilot, what he really wanted to do was to go to space. Since he had been following the Soviet Unions progress in space flight, he was confident that soon his country would send a man into space. He wanted to be that man, so he volunteered to be a cosmonaut. Gagarin Applies to Be a Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was just one of 3,000 applicants to be the first Soviet cosmonaut. Out of this large pool of applicants, 20 were chosen in 1960 to be the Soviet Unions first cosmonauts; Gagarin was one of the 20. During the extensive physical and psychological testing required of the chosen cosmonaut trainees, Gagarin excelled at the tests while maintaining a calm demeanor as well as his sense of humor. Later, Gagarin would be chosen to be the first man into space because of these skills. (It also helped that he was short in stature since Vostok 1s capsule was small.) Cosmonaut trainee Gherman Titov was chosen to be the backup in case Gagarin was unable to make the first space flight. Launch of Vostok 1 On April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin boarded Vostok 1 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Although he was fully trained for the mission, no one knew if it was going to be a success or a failure. Gagarin was to be the very first human being in space, truly going where no man had gone before. Minutes before the launch, Gagarin gave a speech, which included: You must realize that it is hard to express my feeling now that the test for which we have been training long and passionately is at hand. I dont have to tell you what I felt when it was suggested that I should make this flight, the first in history. Was it joy? No, it was something more than that. Pride? No, it was not just pride. I felt great happiness. To be the first to enter the cosmos, to engage single handed in an unprecedented duel with nature- could anyone dream of anything greater than that? But immediately after that I thought of the tremendous responsibility I bore: to be the first to do what generations of people had dreamed of; to be the first to pave the way into space for mankind. * Vostok 1, with Yuri Gagarin inside, launched on schedule at 9:07 a.m. Moscow Time. Just after lift-off, Gagarin reputedly called out, Poyekhali! (Off we go!) Gagarin was rocketed into space using an automated system. Gagarin did not control the spacecraft during his mission; however, in case of an emergency, he could have opened an envelope left on board for the override code. He was not given the controls because many scientists were worried about the psychological effects of being in space (i.e. they were worried he would go mad). After entering space, Gagarin completed a single orbit around Earth. The Vostok 1s top speed reached 28,260 kph (about 17,600 mph). At the end of the orbit, Vostok 1 reentered the Earths atmosphere. When Vostok 1 was still about 7 km (4.35 miles) from the ground, Gagarin ejected (as planned) from the spacecraft and used a parachute to land safely. From launch (at 9:07 a.m.) to Vostok 1 touching down on the ground (10:55 a.m.) was 108 minutes, a number often used to describe this mission. Gagarin landed safely with his parachute about 10 minutes after Vostok 1 came down. The calculation of 108 minutes is used because the fact that Gagarin ejected from the spacecraft and parachuted to the ground was kept secret for many years. (The Soviets did this to get around a technicality about how flights were officially recognized at the time.) Right before Gagarin landed (near the village of Uzmoriye, near the Volga River), a local farmer and her daughter spotted Gagarin floating down with his parachute. Once on the ground, Gagarin, dressed in an orange spacesuit and wearing a large white helmet, terrified the two women. It took Gagarin a few minutes to convince them that he too was Russian and to direct him to the nearest phone. Death After his successful first flight into space, Gagarin never again was sent into space. Instead, he helped train future cosmonauts. On March 27, 1968, Gagarin was test-piloting a MiG-15 fighter jet when the plane plummeted to the ground, killing Gagarin instantly at the age of 34. For decades, people speculated about how Gagarin, an experienced pilot, could safely fly to space and back but die during a routine flight. Some thought he was drunk. Others believed that Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev wanted Gagarin dead because he was jealous of the cosmonauts fame. However, in June 2013, fellow cosmonaut, Alexey Leonov (the first man to  conduct a spacewalk), revealed that the accident was caused by a Sukhoi fighter jet that had been flying too low. Traveling at supersonic speed, the jet flew perilously close to Gagarins MiG, likely overturning the MiG with its backwash and sending Gagarins jet into a deep spiral. Legacy Nearly as soon as Gagarins feet touched the ground back on Earth, he became an international hero. His accomplishment was known around the globe. He had accomplished what no other human being had ever done before. Yuri Gagarins successful flight into space paved the way for all future space exploration. Sources Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Yuri Gagarin.† Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica.Biography.com, AE Networks Television. â€Å"Yuri Gagarin.†

Meaning and Origin of the Surname Howard

Meaning and Origin of the Surname Howard The surname Howard possibly comes from the Norman name Huard or Heward which derives from German elements like hug heart, mind, spirit and hard hardy, brave, and strong. While the origins of the surname are unclear, it is theorized that it holds an English background from the Anglo- Scandinavian name Haward with derives from Ol Norse elements like h ‘high’ varà °r meaning guardian and warden. Huard or Heward is also thought to be one of the origins of the Norman-French personal name of the Norman Conquest of England in the 11th century. Additionally, there is a background of the surname Howard in relation to Irish with Gaelic notations. Howard is the  70th most popular surname  in the United States. One popular alternate surname spelling is Hayward. Discover genealogy resources, famous notable people, and three other possible surname origins aside from  English  below. Surname Origins Several possible origins for the Howard surname include the following: Derived from the Old Germanic name hugihard, denoting one strong of heart, or very brave.Derived from Germanic term howart, meaning high chief, warden, or chief warden.From hof-ward, the keeper of a hall Notable Persons Ron Howard:  American actor, producer, and director who got his start on The Andy Griffith Show and Happy Days.Dwight Howard:  American NBA basketball player playing center for the Houston Rockets.Bryce Dallas Howard:  Daughter of the film director Ron Howard and actress known for her role on the show Parenthood, directed by her father. Genealogy Resources 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their MeaningsSmith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census?Howard Family Genealogy Forum  Search this popular genealogy forum for the Howard surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Howard queryFamilySearch - Howard GenealogyFind records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Howard surname and its variations.Howard Surname Family Mailing Lists  RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Howard surname.Cousin Connect - Howard Genealogy QueriesRead or post genealogy queries for the surname Howard, and sign up for free notification when new Howard queries are added.DistantCousin.com - Howard Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Howard. To look for the meaning of a given name, use the resource First Name Meanings. If you are unable to find your last name listed, you can suggest  a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings and Origins. References: Surname Meanings and Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German-Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005.Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Processing the Crime Scene and Establishing Identity Case Study

Processing the Crime Scene and Establishing Identity - Case Study Example Murder is suspected as there is no reason for the girl to have committed suicide. It is an open and shut case, as the mother has named the suspect. After completing the formalities of investigation, it will become clear to establish motives and nail the suspect who is a school drop out and has been stalking the girl. She agreed for a date the previous night but failed to return until the suspect brought her home in an unconscious condition. According to the mother, she was a bright girl and did not need to be woken up. She had agreed to date the boy on the condition that he never asked her out again. Probably she felt he would see reason if she talked to him and encouraged him to resume schooling. She wanted the best for him. She was the type who met challenges head on. The police had come and sealed off the bedroom. The photographer was taking photographs from various angles. There were others with the police to take fingerprints, analyze DNA samples, footwear experts, and another person who looked after computer forensics. The fingerprint and DNA samples were taken. The computer forensics was only present to see first hand the body position of the deceased. The forensics report would have to wait as it came under analysis that took place at the general hospital.

Literature review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Literature review - Essay Example On the contrary, marketing is perhaps the only functional division of an enterprise which is solely concerned with the consumer. It is regarded by many critics that marketing is the most crucial of all the functional aspects of the business; it can be argued that marketing is the prime means for attracting a customer, and without customers, there is little that the other departments are going to do. Marketing is important in helping the company to construct upon their corporate and business foundations, and to use them to solidify their goals. In order to further the objectives of the business, the business needs to consider the bigger picture. From the perspective of launching a product in the market, the bigger picture would entail exploring the market potential for the product, researching the competitors in the market giving particular attention to their strengths and weaknesses, coming up with an appropriate marketing strategy for the product and selecting suitable marketing cha nnels. Moreover it is also important to develop apposite measures for managing and supervising the launch of the product in the market. ... Functioning businesses have two main purposes. Firstly, they are working for the retention of the customers that they have attracted. Secondly, businesses are endeavoring for attracting new customers and increasing their clientele. There are a number of philosophies that can be implemented for the attainment of these two goals of the business. The first philosophy relates to the production concept. This means that all consumers are going to consume those products that are not only within the range of affordability but are also easily and extensively found. One of the famous corporations who follow this strategy is Wal-Mart. According to the founder of Wal-Mart, Sam Walton, the company should work on the philosophy of ‘Pile ‘em high and sell ‘em cheap’ (Moore & Pareek 2009). On the other hand, the product concept entails that customers are going to buy that product which is the most promising in terms of its value after taking into account the worth and perfor mance of the product. Consumers are going to perform an evaluation of the product according to its various features, such as how durable it is or its serviceability; at times customers take into account a juxtaposition of the factors and their choice of different products depends on whether the products meet these juxtaposed product-based aspects. When referring to brands, customers also take into consideration whether the product is going to fulfill their psychological need or not. Five Forces Model Enterprises which operate on the selling concept support the notion that a large-scale effort is needed to promote a product; in the absence of a large-scale concept, customers are not going to consume enough products in order to